妊娠期农妇补锌对幼儿生长发育的影响  

Effects of Zinc Supplementation of Rural Pregnant Women on the Growth of Offspring in Early Childhood

作　　者：袁伟[1] 耿国柱[2] 陈爱民[1] 武俊青[1] 张子豹[1] 高尔生[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市计划生育科学研究所 [2]复旦大学-上海市计划生育科学研究所,上海200032

出　　处：《复旦学报（医学版）》2004年第5期496-501,共6页Fudan University Journal of Medical Sciences

基　　金：上海市人口和计划生育委员会 ( 0 1JG0 5 0 12 )资助项目

摘　　要：目的　探讨农村孕妇在孕期补锌干预是否可影响其幼儿的生长发育。方法　随机双盲对照法补锌干预研究。 16 0名孕妇随机分为 4组 ,A、B、C组自第一次孕期保健门诊开始至分娩期间每天分别口服补充 5、10和 30mg剂量的锌 ,对照组每天口服安慰剂。在其幼儿 3～ 5岁时进行体格、智力、行为适应能力的测量和评定 ,对幼儿体格测量值按同年龄同性别儿童生长发育参考值进行了标准化 (Z评分 )。结果　A、B、C组幼儿的年龄别标准化头围评分 (Z评分 )均高于对照组幼儿 ,其中C组幼儿的年龄别头围Z评分高出对照组 0 .73(95 %CI :0 .0 0 4～ 1.4 4 ) ;3个补锌组合并后 ,年龄别头围Z评分较对照组增加了 0 .5 0 (95 %CI :0 .0 1～ 0 .99)。尽管各补锌组幼儿的智商均高于对照组幼儿 ,但均无统计学意义 ,也未见明显剂量效应趋势 ,但 3个补锌组合并后幼儿的智商高于对照组 4 .72 (95 %CI :0 .2 6～ 9.2 0 )。补锌组与对照组间的其他发育指标未见明显差异。结论　对摄取以植物性食物为主的非平衡性膳食的农村孕妇每日补锌 5～ 30mg ,可能增加其所生幼儿的头围 ,并可能提高幼儿的智商 ,促进其智力发育 ,而对身高、体重。Purpose: To explore whether zinc supplementation to rural pregnant women can improve the growth and development of their offspring during early childhood. Methods: The effects of zinc supplementation were assessed in a double-blinded randomized control design. One hundred sixty rural pregnant women were randomly divided into four groups with 40 subjects in each. Subjects received a daily oral intake of 5 mg (group A), 10 mg (group B), 30 mg (group C) of zinc supplementation or placebo from the first visit to the prenatal clinic (less than 12 week of gestation) till delivery. Their children's physical, intellectual and behavioral development were assessed during 3-5 years of age. Children's anthropometrical measurements were adjusted for sex and age. Thus standardized values, Z-scores were calculated to indicate children's physical development. Results: Z-scores for head circumference in group A, B and C were greater than that in the placebo group, but only the head Z-score in group C was significantly higher than that in the placebo group by 0.73 (95%CI:0.004-1.44). When all pregnant women receiving zinc supplementation (namely group A, B and C) were combined as a single group (combined group), the head Z-score in the combined group was still greater than that in the placebo group by 0.50 (95%CI:0.01-0. 99). Children's intelligence quotients in three zinc supplementation groups were higher than that in the placebo group, although statistical significance and dose-effect relationship were not found, intelligence quotient for the combined group was significantly higher than that in the placebo group by 4.72 (95% CI:0.26-9.20). No statistical significances were found in weight, height, sitting height, body-mass index as well as adaptive developmental quotient between zinc supplementation groups and the placebo group. Conclusions: Oral intake of daily 5-30 mg zinc supplementation to rural pregnant women who had an imbalanced diet mainly containing vegetal food could improve the development of their children's head ci

关 键 词：补锌 对照组 头围 年龄别 幼儿 评分 行为适应 农妇 农村 补充 

分 类 号：R179[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健] R151[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]