秸秆覆盖对玉米播种临界含水率影响的试验研究  

Research on the Soil Critical Moisture for Seeding Corn under Mulching

作　　者：王丽学[1] 张玉龙[2] 刘洪禄[3] 石志强[1] 刘冀[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学水利学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [2]沈阳农业大学土地与资源学院,辽宁沈阳110161 [3]北京市水利科学研究所,北京100044

出　　处：《灌溉排水学报》2004年第5期50-52,共3页Journal of Irrigation and Drainage

基　　金：北京市科委"九五"重大科技攻关项目(952360100);北京市科委新星计划资助项目(953811600)

摘　　要：通过室内外试验,对秸秆覆盖条件下播种的土壤临界含水率进行了试验研究。结果表明,在试验盆用塑料薄膜覆盖的条件下,测得玉米种子发芽出苗的土壤临界含水率为14%(体积含水率为0.2002cm3/cm3)。由室外试验建立秸秆覆盖条件下耕层土壤水分运动规律的数学模型,经过数值模拟得到田间播种的临界含水率:无覆盖的土壤重量含水率为14.89%(体积含水率为0.2129cm3/cm3),5cm厚麦秸覆盖的土壤重量含水率为14.36%(体积含水率为0.2054cm3/cm3),8cm厚麦秸覆盖的土壤重量含水率为14.57%(体积含水率为0.2083cm3/cm3)。这说明秸秆覆盖条件下播种的土壤临界含水率比裸地的低,秸秆覆盖有利于干旱地区的抗旱播种。Soil critical moisture for seeding under mulching was studied by indoor and outdoor experiments. The results show that soil critical moisture for germination of corn is 14% in experimental basin under the plastic film. Mathematical model for soil moisture movement of plough horizon under mulching is established by the outdoor experiments, and the critical moisture for seeding was achieved by using numerical simulation. The results indicate that soil critical moisture under mulching is lower than that without mulching, so the method of mulching benefits anti-drought seeding in arid areas.

关 键 词：秸秆覆盖 抗旱播种 土壤 麦秸覆盖 玉米 出苗 发芽 临界含水率 室外 室内 

分 类 号：S152.7[农业科学—土壤学]