5～60岁人群伤寒Vi多糖疫苗和A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗大规模接种结果分析  

Analysis on the Result of the Mass Vaccination Campaign of Typhoid Vi Polysaccharide Vaccine and Meningococcal A Polysaccharide Vaccine Targeted 5-60 Years Old Population

作　　者：杨进[1] 司国爱 曾竣[1] 张杰[1] 梁贵臣 梁大斌[1] 廖和壮[1] 李翠云[1] 黄焕新 董柏青[1] 杨宏徽[1] Rion Leon Ochiai Carolina Danovaro Ali Mohammad Camilo J Acosta 

机构地区：[1]广西壮族自治区疾病预防控制中心,南宁530021 [2]河池市金城江区卫生防疫站,广西壮族自治区河池547000 [3]国际疫苗研究所

出　　处：《中国计划免疫》2004年第4期234-237,共4页Chinese Journal of Vaccines and Immunization

基　　金：国际疫苗研究所资助项目 (项目编号:DOMIT -3 )

摘　　要：为考核国产伤寒Vi多糖疫苗在现场试验的效果 ,以A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗为对照 ,对广西壮族自治区河池市城市和农村的 5～ 6 0岁居民进行了一次大规模接种。结果显示 :应接种对象 1180 71人 ,实际接种 92 4 76人 ,接种率为 78 32 % ,其中伤寒Vi多糖疫苗为 76 87% ,A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗为 79 6 9% ;接种率最高的组群接种率为 92 4 8% ,最低为 6 5 2 0 %。按城乡划分 ,城区的接种率为 77 2 9% ,农村的接种率为 80 5 8% ,组群接种率的高低分布无明显的地理性差异。 5～ 9岁接种率最高为 89 6 5 % ,2 0～ 2 9岁接种率最低为 6 9 0 7% ;男女接种率分别为79 0 7%和 82 11%。有 6 6人被观察到或报告出现不良反应 ,不良反应发生率为 71 37/ 10万。表明两种疫苗的安全性好。在大规模疫苗接种中 ,充分发挥当地干部的宣传组织作用 ,并把接种的有关信息提前通知当地居民 ,对于提高接种率十分重要。补漏接种能使接种率低的组群得到显著的提高。在大规模疫苗接种中必须严格遵守安全注射操作程序 ,避免发生不安全注射事故。两种疫苗的平均接种率、年龄别接种率、性别接种率、组群接种率的地理分布均达到了较好均衡性 ,是可比的 。To test the effect of typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine used for field pilot,choose meningococcal A polysaccharide vaccine as the control, conduct mass vaccination campaign targeting to the children and adult in the rural and urban areas of Guangxi Zhuang autonomous region The results showed 92467 people of the total target population of 118071 were vaccinated and the coverage reached 78 32%,typhoid Vi polysaccharide vaccine coverage reached 76 87% and meningococcal A polysaccharide vaccine coverage reached 79 69%;by cluster the highest coverage was 92 48% while the lowest was 65 20%;the coverages were 77 29% and 80 58% in urban and rural areas respectively There was no obvious geographical difference among the coverages of different clusters By age group,the highest coverage reached 89 65% among 5-9 years old and the lowest coverage was 69 07% among 20-29 years old population; coverages among male and female popuilation were 79 07% and 82 11% respectively;66 adverse events were reported or observed and the rate was 71 37/100,00 We can concluded both vaccines are safe. The full involvement of community and early information dissemination are essential to achieve high coverage The immunization checking unimmunized target increased the coverage significantly in lower coverage clusters Safe injection practice must be followed to avoid unsafe injection accidents during mass vaccination campaign The geographical distribution of average coverage by age group,coverage by sex and coverage by cluster of these two vaccines was uniform and comparable This provides an ideal background to evaluate the vaccine effect in the future

关 键 词：伤寒VI多糖疫苗 A群脑膜炎球菌多糖疫苗 接种率 组群随机抽样 

分 类 号：R186[医药卫生—流行病学]