高原鼠兔的血象及其与低氧适应的关系  

Blood Indices of Plateau Pika andRelationship with Hypoxia Adaptation

作　　者：叶润蓉[1,2] 曹伊凡[1,2] 白琴华[1,2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院西北高原生物研究所 [2]中国科学院遗传研究所

出　　处：《中国实验动物学报》1994年第2期115-120,共6页Acta Laboratorium Animalis Scientia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金

摘　　要：高原鼠兔是新开发的实验动物，能很好地适应高原低氧环境。本研究报道了驯化高原鼠兔的部分血液指标，并与野生高原鼠兔及部分其它实验动物和人的相应指标作了比较。同时对高原鼠兔能适应高原低氧环境的机理作了探讨。高原鼠兔红细胞数量高、体积小、红细胞膜表面积大，从而提高了Ｈｂ的利用率，使尽可能多的Ｈｂ参与摄氧和释氧。lateau pika (Ochotona curizoniae) is a new laboratory animalwhich has just been developing. It has good adaptation to hypoxiaenvironment of Qinghai-xizang Plateau. Some blood indicies of domesticatedplateau pika was measured and compared with the same indicies of wildplateau pika and other laboratorial animals in this paper.The erythrocyte number(3.5 X 106/ l) ,Hb content ( 133 . 1 g/l ) , hematocrit( 0.4421 /1 ) and mean Hb concentration per erythrocyte ( 308.8g/l ) of thedomesticated plateau pika are higher statistically than those of wild ones.The reason of this phenomenon is mainly because of the anaemia of the wildpika caused by coccidia and other parasites.By comparing to human andsome other laboratorial animals, plateau pika has higher erythrocyte number;close hematocrit and Hb content; smaller size and mean volume of erythro-cyte; and less mean Hb concentration per erythrocyte.The higher number and smaller volume of the erythrocyte make thepika to have larger efficacious reactive area of the erythrocyte.For plateaupika, this improves the utilization ratio of Hb and the capacity for the Hbto take and to release oxygen. It is considered as one of the mechanismsthat plateau pika can well adapt hypoxia environment.

关 键 词：高原低氧环境 血象 适应 实验动物 红细胞膜 高原鼠兔 红细胞数量 野生 驯化 血液指标 

分 类 号：Q959[生物学—动物学] R334.1[医药卫生—人体生理学]