短时通风对室内空气中甲醛和氨质量浓度影响  

Study on variations of formaldehyde and ammonia in indoor air before and after ventilation

作　　者：王琨[1] 李文朴[1] 李富林[1] 欧阳红[1] 

机构地区：[1]哈尔滨工业大学市政环境工程学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150090

出　　处：《哈尔滨商业大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第5期560-563,共4页Journal of Harbin University of Commerce：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关资助项目(GC04C213).

摘　　要：为了解短时通风对新建筑室内空气中甲醛和氨的质量浓度降低的效果及其变化规律,在冬季进行了每日2次短时通风(10min)室内甲醛和氨质量浓度的检测.结果表明,短时开窗通风10min后室内空气中甲醛质量浓度降低2.53～7.48倍,氨浓度降低0.32～5.3倍.关窗后甲醛质量浓度随时间变化呈指数递增规律,实验数据与公式C=C0exp(-bt)+(a+Cw)[1-exp(-bt)]的相关系数R2范围0.9447～0.9999,室内空气换气次数b介于0.1027～0.7934之间.实测数据与该式结合可估算渗风量和甲醛释放量;氨的源释放特征与甲醛释放特征差异较大,关窗后室内空气中氨质量浓度的起伏波动性很强.To find out the levels of formaldehyde and ammonia in a room inside the new building and the function of short period of ventilation in winter, this paper studied the changes of formaldehyde and ammonia under the conditions of ventilation for 2 times (each lasts for 10 min). Experimental results showed that the concentrations of indoor formaldehyde and ammonia decreased 2.53～7.48 and 0.32～2.53 times of the ordinary levels respectively after opening window for 10 minutes. After closing the window close, the concentration of formaldehyde increased, following exponential function of C=C_0exp(-bt)+(a+C_w)[1-exp(-bt)] with correlation coefficient R^2 of 0.944 7～0.999 9 based on the calculations of 14 groups of data. Indoor air exchange frequency (b) is in the range of 0.102 7～0.793 4. The obtained equation will be expected to estimate the amounts of outdoor air infiltration and formaldehyde release. There existed great difference between the source release characteristics of ammonia and those of formaldehyde and the concentration of indoor ammonia fluctuated within a wide range after closing the window.

关 键 词：室内空气 甲醛 影响 降低 质量浓度 开窗通风 效果 换气次数 渗风量 建筑 

分 类 号：N33[自然科学总论] TU834[建筑科学—供热、供燃气、通风及空调工程]