温度对10MW高温气冷堆用石墨摩擦性能的影响  

Effect of Temperatures on the Friction Behavior of Graphite Used in a Nuclear Reactor

作　　者：雒晓卫[1] 于溯源[1] 盛选禹[1] 何树延[1] 张振声[1] 

机构地区：[1]清华大学核能技术设计研究院,北京100084

出　　处：《摩擦学学报》2004年第5期402-405,共4页Tribology

基　　金：清华大学骨干人才支持计划和清华大学核能技术设计研究院基础研究基金资助项目(9850403).

摘　　要：采用SRV标准摩擦磨损试验台研究了温度对10MW高温气冷堆用石墨IG-11在空气和氦气中的摩擦性能的影响.结果表明:在空气中,室温、100℃、200℃和300℃下石墨的摩擦系数相当,400℃下石墨的摩擦系数最小;在氦气中,室温时石墨的摩擦系数最大,而其它温度下的摩擦系数相对较小.其原因在于,石墨在较高温度下同空气发生氧化反应,在摩擦表面形成具有减摩作用的反应膜,从而使摩擦系数减小.在氦气中,摩擦系数的减小主要归因于石墨层间范德华力的减小.The friction behaviors of the graphite IG-11 used in 10 MW gas-cooled nuclear reactor at different temperatures in air and helium were investigated on an Optimol-SRV friction and wear tester in disc-on-disc configuration. The worn surface morphologies of the graphite were observed on a scanning electron microscope. It was found that the graphite recorded nearly unchanged friction coefficient at room temperature, 100°C, 200°C, and 300°C, in air, while it had the smallest friction coefficient at 400°C in air. Contrary to the above, the graphite registered the largest friction coefficient at room temperature in helium, while it had almost the same lowered fiction coefficient at other temperatures in helium. The smallest friction coefficient of the graphite at 400°C in air was attributed to the thermal chemical reaction among the carbon atoms of high activity and the atmospheric oxygen, which led to the formation of a reaction film with good lubricity on the rubbing surface. In helium environment, the decrease in the friction coefficient with increasing temperature was attributed to the decrease of the interplane Van der Waals forces of the graphite crystallite therewith, which made the interplane slipping of the graphite easier.

关 键 词：10MW高温气冷堆(HTR-10) 石墨 摩擦性能 

分 类 号：TL342[核科学技术—核技术及应用]