不同含油量油菜种子子叶贮藏细胞内脂体和蛋白体超微结构的研究  

STUDIES ON THE ULTRASTRUCTURE OF OILY BODIES AND PROTEIN BODIES IN THE COTYLEDON STORAGE CELL OF MATURE SEEDS IN RAPESEED

作　　者：傅丽霞[1] 瞿波[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学中心实验室,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》1993年第6期556-560,共5页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

摘　　要：将甘蓝型黄籽油菜品种华黄一号优系繁殖的株系50余份材料的成熟种子,按其含油量分为高、中、低3种,分别对其子叶贮藏细胞中的脂体、蛋白体结构及其大小、分布状态进行透射电镜观察。结果表明,在高油分材料中,脂体大,排列紧密,呈多边形镶嵌分布,脂体间空隙小,并在整个细胞中所占比例较蛋白体为大。在低油分材料中,子叶贮藏细胞内脂体排列疏松,多呈椭圆形,大小不等,脂体间空隙大,脂体所占比例明显小于高油分材料。中油分材料贮藏细胞内的脂体和蛋白体的结构、大小及分布状态介于高、低含油材料之间。相关分析表明:单位面积贮藏细胞内蛋白体所占比例与含油量之间呈极显著的负相关(r=0.9060)。在杂交后代中,利用子叶贮藏细胞中脂体和蛋白体的结构及其大小分布状态能确切地反映种子含油量和蛋白质含量的高低,可用这些指标作为选择高含油量的依据。Seeds of more than 50 breeding lines propagated from the yellowseeded Brassica napus cultivar Hua-hang No.1 were classified by oil content into three groups, namely high (58%～62%), medium (49%～51%) and low (38%～43%) oil content group and analysed in terms of the ultra-structure of oily bodies and protein badies. The main results are as follows. In materials of high oil content, the oily bodies in cotyledon storage cells were in tight and mosaic arrangement with multiple-sided shape and small gup in between and they excessed protein bodies in mumber. In contrast, the oily bodies in the low oil content group were loosely arranged mostly elliptically shaped, unequally sized, and significantly less in propartain than protein bodies. For materials in the medium oil content group, the characteristics of oily bodies and protein bodies in cotyledon storage cell showed the similar pattern.Analysis also showed that the oil content was most significantly and negatively correlated to the proporation of protein bodies in the storage cell of cotyledon (r=-0.9060). This result is compatible with that determined by ordinary analytical methods.Accordingly, the characteristics of ultra-structure such as the morphology size, distribution and proportion of oily bodies and protein bodies in cotyledon storage cells might be used as seletian indexes for the breeding of high oil content materials, hence increaseing the efficiency of breeding through directional selection for high oil content and high protein centent in the early stage of the breeding procedure.

关 键 词：油菜 种子 脂体 蛋白体 超微结构 

分 类 号：S565.403.5[农业科学—作物学]