低水平汞暴露对牙科专业人员健康的影响  

Effect of Low Level Mercury Exposure for the Health in Fluence on Dental Professional

作　　者：徐培成[1] 叶细标[2] 许缃 朱霖[1] 傅华[2] 

机构地区：[1]上海市徐汇区牙病防治所,上海200032 [2]复旦大学公共卫生学院,上海200032 [3]上海市徐汇区疾病预防与控制中心,上海200032

出　　处：《中国临床医学》2004年第4期634-636,共3页Chinese Journal of Clinical Medicine

摘　　要：目的 :分析汞暴露对牙科专业人员健康的影响。方法 :12 8名牙科专业人员与 12 0名来自同一医疗机构的非牙科医务人员作为研究对象。收集尿样测定尿中汞、白蛋白 (ALB)、β2 微球蛋白尿 (β2 -MG)和N -已酰 - β -D -氨基葡萄糖苷酶 (NAG)水平 ,并用尿肌酐进行校正。WHO核心测试组合评价情感状态和神经行为功能。结果 :牙科专业人员的平均尿汞水平为 0 .6 0nmolHg/mmolCr,显著高于对照组的平均水平 (0 .36nmolHg/mmolCr,P =0 .0 0 0 )。牙科专业人员 (工龄≤ 10和 >10年 )的ALB和β2 -MG均高于对照组。工龄 >10年组在POMSV得分 (15 .93)低于对照组 (19.10 ) ,而POMSF得分 (8.6 7)高于对照组 (6 .4 2 ) ,差异均有统计学意义。多元统计分析结果显示汞暴露对上述改变的作用很小。结论 :在目前的汞暴露水平下 ,牙科专业人员存在较小的肾脏和神经行为损害风险 。Objective: To evalute health impacts of mercury exposure among dental proefessionals. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted. One hundred and twenty dentists and dental nurses were recruited as exposure workers, 128 doctors and nurses without amalgams working in other departments(not dental department) were selected as controls. Spot urine samples were collected and tested for levels of mercury(UHg),creatinine(UCr), albumin(UALB),β 2-microglobulin(Uβ 2-MG)and N-acetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase(UNAG). All urinary biomarkers were adjusted by creatinine.Computerised WHO/NCTB system(NES-C3) and POMS questionnaire were used to evaluate neurobehavior effects. Results: Urinary mercury levels(UHg) were significantly higher in the dental professionals than that of controls (0.598nmolHg/mmolCr vs. 0.357nmol/mmolCr,P<0.05). A significant increased excretion of Uβ2-MG and UALB was found in the dental professionals.Level of UALB of dental professionals with >10 year's history was higher than that of dantal prefessionals with <=10years' history. Worse scores for mood state of fatigue(POMSF) and vigor(POMSV) were found among dental professionals.The total operation numbers and correct numbers of Symbol-digit substitution were both significantly lower than those in the controls. Conclusion: Dental professionas are exposing under low level mercury.However,minor impacts of kidney function and neurobehavior were incuded by the exposure.These impactes could be prevented through good protection in order to minimize the early effect and subclinical change.

关 键 词：低水平汞暴露 牙科专业人员 健康 牙科汞合金 肾脏损害 神经行为损害 

分 类 号：R135[医药卫生—劳动卫生]