烷基咪唑氟硼酸盐离子液体的合成与溶剂性质研究  

Synthesis of the ionic liquid of alkyl imidazolium borofluoride and properties of solvent

作　　者：叶天旭[1] 张予辉[1] 刘金河[1] 张在龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学化学化工学院,山东东营257061

出　　处：《石油大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第4期105-107,111,共4页Journal of the University of Petroleum,China(Edition of Natural Science)

基　　金：中国石油天然气股份有限公司科技风险创新基金研究项目

摘　　要：研究了反应温度、时间和溶剂等对烷基咪唑氟硼酸盐室温离子液体[R1R2Im]BF4产率的影响,考察了该离子液体溶剂的性质。结果表明,[R1R2Im]BF4与油品中的脂肪族烃类组分不能互溶,但对部分含硫含氮组分均有一定的溶解度,同时还能溶解具有Lewis酸性的AlCl3和杂多酸络合物以及具有加氢活性的无机盐,这为开发Lewis酸催化或加氢催化等离子液体油品液/液双相催化体系奠定了基础。运用量子化学计算方法,考察了[R1R2Im]BF4的电导率与离子液体的分子结构的内在联系。结果表明,当阴离子相同时,N 烷基咪唑阳离子的体积越大,对应的离子液体的电导率越小。The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time and solvents on the yield of the ionic liquid of N-alkyl imidazolium borofluoride ([R_1R_2Im]BF_4) were investigated. The properties of [R_1R_2Im]BF_4 were studied. It was concluded that aliphatic hydrocarbon and alkenes in petroleum are insoluble in [R_1R_2Im]BF_4, but some compounds containing sulfur or nitrogen are soluble in [R_1R_2Im]BF_4. In addition, some inorganic salts acting as the Lewis acid catalyst or hydrogenation catalyst, such as AlCl_3 and heteropoly acid complex, are also soluble in [R_1R_2Im]BF_4. These discovered results imply that the successful application of ionic liquid catalytic system to the petroleum refining is possible. The effects of the structure of [R_1R_2Im]BF_4 on its electric conductivity were studied with the quantum chemistry calculation method. The results show that the electro conductivity of [R_1R_2Im]BF_4 increases with the decrease of the volume of N-alkyl imidazolium when the anion is same.

关 键 词：氟硼酸盐 LEWIS酸 烷基 溶剂性质 室温离子液体 催化体系 脂肪族 咪唑 量子化学计算 酸性 

分 类 号：TE624.1[石油与天然气工程—油气加工工程] TQ153[化学工程—电化学工业]