建筑结构形式发展的“力矩减少论”  

Theory of moment reduction in the development of structural forms

作　　者：徐国彬[1] 崔玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京交通大学,北京100044

出　　处：《空间结构》2004年第3期19-25,34,共8页Spatial Structures

摘　　要：本文总结了人类社会建筑结构形式发展的力学规律——"力矩减小论".人类几十万年(或几百万年)建筑结构形式的发展都不自觉地遵循着这一客观规律.只有符合此规律的建筑结构才能保留至今,屹立不倒.否则建筑结构很难存在至今.有人类以来,建筑结构都在朝着跨度、高度不断增加的方向发展,因此技术难度不断增加.只有力矩不断减小,跨度和高度才能继续增加.掌握了这一规律,才能自觉地加以运用,设计时才能目的明确,才能建造更大跨度、更高的新型建筑工程.为此开发了具有自主知识产权的新型结构:索托结构、劲柔索张拉结构、无波纹拱壳等.文中重点讨论了力矩减小的理论依据、结构效率系数K的定义,该系数给出了不同结构形式的结构效率,可供建筑结构设计人员选型时参考.This paper sums up the mechanical law of development of structural forms during several hundred thousand years—'theory of moment reduction'. The development of structural forms depends upon quantities of moment in the structures. The direction of architectural and structural development is as bigger as possible in span and height. Ancient people built up houses, bridges and other projects according to their experience and observation on nature and then created the mechanics and structural mechanics. Now 'theory of moment reduction' dedicates theoretical foundation of structural efficiencies for different types of constructions. The efficiency factors K is given for basic structures. These factors can be references for designers.

关 键 词：建筑结构形式 建筑结构设计 无波纹拱壳 张拉结构 建筑工程 大跨度 高度 客观规律 人员 

分 类 号：TU241.5[建筑科学—建筑设计及理论] TU277.2