氟化钠在铝硅酸盐矿物浮选中的作用机理研究  

Study on Mechanism of Fluoride in Flotation of Aluminosilicates

作　　者：陈湘清[1] 胡岳华[2] 王毓华[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学资源加工与生物工程学院 [2]中南大学

出　　处：《金属矿山》2004年第10期32-35,共4页Metal Mine

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划资助项目 (G19990 64 90 1)

摘　　要：在季铵盐捕收剂体系中 ,氟化钠活化了层状硅酸盐矿物高岭石、伊利石和叶蜡石的浮选 ,而对一水硬铝石的浮选没有影响 ,可以作为铝土矿反浮选的有效调整剂。氟化钠在矿物表面上发生特性吸附作用 ,显著降低硅酸盐矿物的Zeta电位 ,而对一水硬铝石的电位影响不大。AES研究表明 ,氟离子扩散至硅酸盐矿物颗粒内部 ,使得其在硅酸盐矿物颗粒上的吸附量很高 ,而只在一水硬铝石表面发生较低量的吸附。氟离子在硅酸盐矿物颗粒的表面和内部的高吸附量显著降低矿物的动电位 ,增强捕收剂与矿物的静电作用 。In pentaamonium salt collector system, sodium fluoride activates the flotation of lameller silicates such as kaolinite, illite and pyrophllite while has no effect on the flotation of diaspore. Therefore, it can be used as an efficient regulator in the reverse flotation of diasporic bauxite. Sodium fluoride can generate characteristic absorption on mineral surface which will markedly decrease the zeta potential of silicates while affects little that of diaspore. AES study shows that fluor ions penetrates into silicate particles, resulting in its high absorption amount in silicate mineral particles but only low absorption amount on diaspore. The high absorption amount of fluor ions and in the silicate particles can evidently reduce the zeta potential of the minerals and increase the electrostatic function between the collector and minerals thus playing an activation role.

关 键 词：反浮选 捕收剂 调整剂 矿物表面 动电位 一水硬铝石 铝土矿 铝硅酸盐矿物 颗粒内部 叶蜡石 

分 类 号：TD923[矿业工程—选矿] TD952