气溶胶污染对地面太阳紫外辐射的影响  

EFFECTS OF AEROSOL POLLUTION ON SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION ON THE GROUND

作　　者：王少彬[1] 苏维瀚[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院生态环境研究中心,北京100085

出　　处：《环境科学学报》1993年第4期498-502,共5页Acta Scientiae Circumstantiae

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：一、前言太阳光通过大气层时经过了各种影响因素的衰减后到达地面,其中臭氧分子吸收,气溶胶粒子吸收和散射的影响作用最为主要.当臭氧浓度或气溶胶粒子浓度改变时,到达地面的太阳紫外辐射量将改变.据观测,近二十年来,全球范围内臭氧总量已普遍减少了1％—3％.臭氧浓度的降低增加了地面紫外线B辐射(UV-B,280—320nm),从而将给地球生物带来一定的危害作用.尽管臭氧浓度减少对地面UV-B辐射增加的作用很大。The light absorption and scattering of atmospheric aerosol can reduce the intensity of solar ultraviolet radiation reaching the ground. Model computation indicates that aerosol pollution in urban and rural area have decreased the annual amounts of UV-B radiation at the earth's surface by 45% and 10%, respectively. The decreased amounts of UV-B radiation caused by aerosol scattering may offset the increasing amounts of UV-B radiation due to the depletion of ozone layer.

关 键 词：气溶胶 污染 紫外辐射 臭氧层 

分 类 号：X513.02[环境科学与工程—环境工程]