岩石力学中两个基本问题的探讨  

DISCUSSION OF TWO ELEMENTARY PROBLEMS IN ROCK MECHANICS

作　　者：吕爱钟[1] 焦春茂[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东科技大学土木建筑学院,泰安271019

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2004年第23期4095-4098,共4页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50279018)资助课题。

摘　　要：提出了岩石(体)力学中“岩体中的残余应力”和“体现开挖卸载特点的岩石力学理论亟待建立” 两个不容忽视的基本问题。分析了残余应力形成的主要原因和机理,并给出了几个简单实例。用一个简单的例子论述了以往岩体开挖力学按“加载”过程计算“卸载”问题理论上的缺陷,以往没有考虑初应力对计算结果的影响,按现有的计算理论所计算的开挖位移偏小。岩石的弹性模量越小,且所经受的原始地应力越大,计算误差越大。Two important elementary problems of rock (mass) mechanics are put forward, residual stress in rock mass and rock mechanics theory that embodies unloading characteristics, which needs to be established urgently. The main reason and mechanism about forming residual stress are analyzed, and several examples are presented. The theoretical disadvantage resulting from using the loading theory to calculate unloading problem is demonstrated by a simple example. In the past, the influence of initial stress on calculation result is not considered, and the excavation-induced displacement calculated according to existing theory is much smaller than real one. The smaller the Young's modulus is and the bigger the in-situ stress is, the bigger the error of calculated displacement for rock (mass) is.

关 键 词：岩石力学 原始地应力 残余应力 岩石开挖力学理论 初应力 卸载特点 大变形 

分 类 号：TU311[建筑科学—结构工程] TD311[矿业工程—矿井建设]