医务人员职业感染HIV的影响因素及其防护  

The Factors Influeneing Medical Personnel's AIDS Infection and Its Prevetion Countermeasures

作　　者：陶红兵[1] 陈茂盛[1] 方鹏骞[1] 胡洋[1] 吴小龙[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院,武汉430030

出　　处：《环境与职业医学》2004年第5期389-390,393,共3页Journal of Environmental and Occupational Medicine

摘　　要：随着我国艾滋病疫情发展 ,医务人员因职业感染人类免疫缺陷病毒 (HIV)的风险越来越大 ,防止医务人员职业性HIV感染已成为当务之急。为此 ,本文对职业性感染HIV的影响因素、防治对策及意外事故处理措施进行了探讨 ,以增强和提高医护人员的自我防护意识和职业感染的防治水平 ,从而达到减少职业感染HIV风险的目的。影响医务人员的职业感染HIV的主要因素包括医务人员的自我防护意识 ;医务人员的职业暴露和针对职业暴露采取的措施。医务人员需要加强HIV职业感染知识的教育和防护技能的培训 ,同时应针对艾滋病 (AIDS)职业暴露的特点采取必要的防护措施 。With the development of the epidemic situation of AIDS in our country,medical personnels will be faced with more and more risk of occupational infection of HIV,the prevetion from occupational infection has got urgent.For this reason,this paper focused on the discussion about the factors of effect,prevention and therapeutic countermeasures and management of accidents. The purpose is to strengthen the medical personnel's consciousness of self-shelter and ability of prevent and treat,thus to decrease the risk influencing occupational infection. Health care workers's consciousness of protection for themselves and their occupational exposure and the measure taken for AIDS occupational exposure is the main factors influencing occupational infection of AIDS for health care workers. [Conclusion] Health care workers need to strengthen the education of HIV occupational infection and the training of safeguard skills. At the same time,they should take the essential safeguard procedures according to the characteristic of occupational exposure to AIDS. Additionally,we can set up the security mechanism of the risk of health care workers occupational exposure to AIDS.

关 键 词：职业感染 HIV 医务人员 艾滋病 职业暴露 医护人员 自我防护意识 教育 职业性 主要因素 

分 类 号：R512.91[医药卫生—内科学] R135[医药卫生—临床医学]