极高CO_2胁迫对被甲栅藻(Scenedesmus armatus)生理活性和细胞结构影响  

Pilot Study of Physiological and Morphological Acclimation of Scenedesmus armatus Under Extreme-High-CO_2-Stress

作　　者：徐敏[1] 陈珊[1] 刘国祥[1] 胡征宇[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所

出　　处：《武汉植物学研究》2004年第5期439-444,共6页Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research

基　　金：中国科学院水生生物研究所创新领域前沿项目资助;武汉市晨光计划资助(20035002016-31)。

摘　　要：以被甲栅藻(Scenedesmusarmatus)为材料研究极高浓度CO2对其生理活性和细胞结构的影响。研究表明,被甲栅藻能在60%的CO2浓度下快速生长,在5%、20%、40%、60%、80%、100%CO2浓度下的平均增长率分别是1.228、0.925、0.741、0.305、0.042、0.001g·L-1·d-1DW。通入极高浓度CO2(20%、40%)后,被甲栅藻细胞的光系统II(PSII)最大光化学效率(Fv/Fm)在24h内明显下降,对PSII抑制作用较明显;其后,随培养时间的增长而逐渐恢复正常。显微结构和亚显微结构显示极高CO2浓度下培养了6d的藻细胞体积稍膨大、颗粒化,色素体结构相对不完整,类囊体膜结构略显松散,蛋白核消失,细胞内的液泡数目增多。Scenedesmus armatus was tested for its high-CO_2-tolerant mechanism. It can thrive at 60% CO_2 under control. The average growth rates were 1.228, 0.925, 0.741, 0.305, 0.042 and 0.001 g·L^(-1) ·d^(-1) DW at 5%,20%,40%,60%,80%,100% CO_2 conditions respectively, of which the 20% CO_2 is most applicable while 5% is most optimum. The maximum quantum efficiency of photosystemII (PSII) primary photochemistry, given by F_v/F_m=(F_m-F_0)/F_m, decreased distinctly in the first 24hrs indicating photoinhibition in PSII, then gradually recovered to the normal levels. The microstructure and ultrastructure of cells growing under air and 20% CO_2 indicate some morphological adaptation changes: the chloroplast were not integrated as usual, in which the pyenoids are missing or seldom seen after cultured with high CO_2, besides the sizes of the cells and the number of intracellular vacuoles were larger for the cells grown in 20% CO_2 for 6 days than for those in air for the same period. These physiological and structural changes may help us to find the way in which algae adapting to the extreme-high-CO_2-stress.

关 键 词：极高CO2胁迫 被甲栅藻 PSⅠ光化学效率(Fv/Fm) 亚显微结构 

分 类 号：Q945[生物学—植物学] Q949.217