相似离度在甘肃省冬春季强沙尘暴天气入型判别和预报中的应用研究  

Application Research of Using Similarity in Forecasting and Clustering Strong Sandstorm Pattern in Winter and Spring in Gansu Province of China

作　　者：王遂缠[1] 王锡稳[1] 李栋梁[2] 吉惠敏[1] 刘世祥[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州中心气象台,甘肃兰州730020 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,甘肃兰州730000

出　　处：《中国沙漠》2004年第6期724-728,共5页Journal of Desert Research

基　　金：科技部社会公益类项目<中国西北地区沙尘暴监测预警系统>资助

摘　　要：利用探空、地面资料分析了1955—2002年甘肃省发生强沙尘暴天气的环流特征,揭示出甘肃沙尘暴天气的5种环流类型:冷锋后偏西型、强锋区下动量下传型、冷高压南部型、热低压前部型和河西小槽型的平均环流场特征。在此基础上,分析指出造成甘肃省冬、春季强沙尘暴天气的影响关键区和关键天气系统,并利用场相似预报方法建立了甘肃省冬、春季强沙尘暴预报业务系统,在实际业务中发挥了较好的效益。The high-circumfluent pattern of strong sandstorm in Gansu province from 1995 to 2002 was analyzed by using the high and surface meteorological data. It was founded out there are 5 high-circumfluent patterns of the strong sandstorm, which are cold front pattern, radial momentum pattern, cold high-pressure pattern, hot low-pressure pattern, and short-trough pattern. The study results have show us where is the important area and which is the important meteorological system on 500 hPa resulting in the strong sandstorm in winter and spring in Gansu. Based on the above study, a strong sandstorm forecasting operational system has been formulated by using similar parameters, and the system has been proved to be efficient in forecasting operation.

关 键 词：强沙尘暴 相似离度 相似预报 锋区 环流场 冷高压 热低压 冬春季 天气 甘肃省 

分 类 号：P425.55[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] P458