天然气中氢气的地化特征及油气成藏效应  

GEOCHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF HY-DROGEN IN NATURAL GAS AND ITS RESER-VOIRING EFFECT

作　　者：刘国勇[1] 张刘平[2] 杨振平[3] 

机构地区：[1]教育部石油天然气成藏机理重点实验室 [2]中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 [3]中油国际阿尔及利亚公司

出　　处：《天然气工业》2004年第11期31-33,共3页Natural Gas Industry

基　　金：国家重点基础研究发展规划"973"项目(G1999043309)国家自然科学基金项目(40373029)资助。

摘　　要：在油气成因理论研究以及新型能源的研制和开发领域中,氢气都占有极其重要的地位。在含油气盆地、构造活动带、地热区和火山岩区都已经发现富含氢气的天然气藏。研究表明,这些天然气中氢气含量极不均一,而且其同位素D值远远高出一般天然气中烷烃的氢同位素D值;这些氢气主要来源于幔源氢气、高温下H2S或CH4的分解、水岩反应和水在辐射作用下的分解等。由于其较强的还原性,深部的氢气在上升的过程中也可以与盆地的流体或岩石发生反应,促进烃源岩生烃或者改善已形成油气的品质。氢气也可以作为工业原料或新型燃料直接应用。Hydrogen has occupied a very important position in the theoretic research on hydrocarbon origin and the development and exploitation of new energy. The natural gas reservoirs being rich in hydrogen gas have been found in oil and gas basins, tectonic mobile belts, geothermal areas and volcanic rock areas. Through investigation, it was indicated that the hydrogen gas content is various in these natural gases and the δD ratios of the hydrogen gases are much higher than those of the paraffin hydrocarbons in conventional natural gas, these hydrogen gases mainly came from mantle source gas, or were formed by the decomposition of H2S or CH4 at high temperatures and that of H2O under the action of radiation, and by the water-rock reaction, etc. The deep hydrogen gas might react with fluids/rocks in the basin in the course of rising because of its strong reducibility, thus promoting hydrocarbon generation in source rocks or improving the quality of the hydrocarbons generated. As an industrial crude material or novel fuel, these hydrogen gases may be directly applied also.

关 键 词：地化特征 油气成因 构造活动 天然气藏 油气成藏 火山岩 含油气盆地 生烃 幔源 水岩反应 

分 类 号：P618.13[天文地球—矿床学]