棉花四元杂种F_1的形态性状遗传及不育性研究  

A Study on Inheritation of Morphological Characters and Sterility of a Quardrispecific Hybrid F_1 in Gossypium

作　　者：李成奇[1] 黄晋玲[1] 渠云芳[1] 李炳林[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西农业大学农学院,山西太谷030801

出　　处：《山西农业大学学报（自然科学版）》2004年第4期369-372,共4页Journal of Shanxi Agricultural University(Natural Science Edition)

基　　金：山西省科技厅攻关项目(011001)

摘　　要：棉花四元杂种[(亚洲棉×比克氏棉)×(陆地棉×夏威夷棉)]F1是山西农业大学棉花育种组合成的具有棉属三个染色体组(A、D、G)的新种质材料。本文对其形态性状及花粉母细胞减数分裂染色体行为进行了研究。结果表明:F1变异最大的是花。在花朵大小、花冠和花药颜色、花瓣宽度以及基部有无红心上表现出典型的超亲性状。在减数分裂过程中,花粉母细胞大多数染色体不能联会配对,主要以单价体的形式存在,并且在后期Ⅰ向两极分离的时候形成了染色体"桥"。染色体的结构式为:2n=52=35 62Ⅰ+6 13Ⅱ+0 38Ⅲ+0 12Ⅳ。末期Ⅱ形成的异型孢子占绝大多数(80 43%),而其正常的4分孢子仅占6 29%,导致了四元杂种F1高度不育。The quardrispecific hybrid F_1\ii in gossypium,which was cultivated,was a new synthetic material with\.The study showed the largest flower of hybrid F_1 was inherited pink flower traits with purplish red from G.bickii as well as the other traits in morphological characters.The meiosis of pollen mother cells of the quardrispecific was abnormal with many univalents and only a few bivalents formed. Chromosome configuration at metaphase Ⅰwas 35.62Ⅰ+6.31Ⅱ+0.39Ⅲ+0.12Ⅳ.In anaphaseⅠ,chromosome bridge appeared. A large number of polyspores were formed in telophaseⅡ(80.43%),however, the natural ones constituted 6.29%.As a result,pollens were highly sterile.

关 键 词：棉花 四元杂种 形态性状 不育性 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]