水稻高产稳产简化诊断指标研究  

Study on Simplified Diagnostic Indices for High and Stable-Yielding Cultivation of Rice

作　　者：颜景秀[1] 陈留根[1] 吉善良 茅弼华 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业现代化研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏仪征市农业局,仪征211400 [3]扬州市农业局,扬州225002

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》1993年第1期13-18,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以培育水稻健壮个体,建立高产群体,达到产量构成因素协调发展为目标,从水稻植株形态、营养与生长发育的相关性着手,研究明确杂交中籼稻汕优63稻谷产量形成过程阶段性简化诊断指标:分蘖期——12叶龄期单位面积茎蘖数;长穗期——倒二叶长;结实期——抽穗前叶色级。培育多蘖壮秧,分蘖期适度早发,12叶龄期每公顷茎蘖数控制在309—316.5万是争取足穗的基础。长穗期稳长,控制倒二叶长在45—47cm,使孕穗期有适宜的叶面积指数和良好的株型,抽穗前叶色褪淡到2级左右,有利于增加每穗粒数,提高结实率和粒重。The hybrid rice cultivar Shanyou-63 was used as an experimental material in this research. Different development patterns of individual plants as well as a field population were created under different nitrogen fertilizer regimes. The relationships between development of vegetative organs and rice yields were analysed. The simplified indices of periodic diaynosis for optimal growth of rice plants were suggested as follows: 1Index for tillering stage-the culm and tiller number per unit land area at the 12-leaf stage;2For panicle forming stage-the length of the leaf next to the flag leaf ;3For grain-filling stage-the leaf colour grade before heading. To grow rice seedlings with tillers growing soundly at the earlier tillering stage would be the basis for achieving an adequate number of panicles. Steady development of rice plants at the panicle forming stage by controlling the length of the leaf next to the flag leaf at about 45-47cm would lead to an appropriate LAI and an ideal plant pattern. Leaf colour fading to grade 2 before heading would improve the grain number per head, filled grain percentage and 1000-grain weight.

关 键 词：水稻 高产稳产 诊断 指标 

分 类 号：S511.101[农业科学—作物学]