抗小麦赤霉病体细胞突变体筛选研究  

Preliminary Study on Selection of Mutants Resistant to Gibberella zeae(Schw) Petch from Cultured Wheat Cells

作　　者：周楠[1] 陆维忠[1] 崔叶龙 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业生物遗传生理研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏省农业科学院原子能农业利用研究所,南京210014

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》1993年第2期22-27,共6页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：以禾谷镰刀菌提取的DON粗毒素为选择剂,对不同小麦品种的体细胞培养物进行抗赤霉病细胞突变体筛选。结果表明:①不同基因型的离体幼胚组织和幼穗、幼胚愈伤组织对DON毒素的敏感性反应与品种在田间的抗病性一致;在6×10^(-5)M DON毒素浓度下,抗性品种望水白和中抗品种温州红和尚的幼胚愈伤诱导率明显高于两个感病品种Alondra's和Veery。②DON毒素对小麦细胞培养物的影响与毒素浓度、外植体来源和继代培养时间等因素有关;试验中发现直接用幼胚筛选更容易诱导抗(耐)毒素细胞系。③筛选得到了多个抗(耐)毒素细胞系和分化的再生植株。R_1和R_2代田间抗病性鉴定发现,一些株系的抗赤霉病能力高于原供体品种。To select scab-resistant mutants, young inflorescences and immature embryos were cultured in the media with crude deoxynivalenol (DON ) toxin isolated from Fusarium gramiearum Schw. The toxin was used as a screening agent and wheat varieties with different resistance were tested. The results are as follows; 1The responses of cultured tissues (including immature embryos and calli induced from young inflorescences and immature embryos )to DON toxin were corresponding to the resistance of their original varieties in fields. The scab-resistant variety Wangshuibai and the moderately resistant variety Wenzhou Hongheshang showed obviously higher callus induction rate from immature embryos than the two susceptible varieties,Alondra's and Veery. (2)The effect of DON toxin on cultured wheat cells was related to the toxin concentration,explants and subculture duration. We found it was easier to get resistant cell lines directly from screening immature embryos on a DON-containing medium. (3)A plenty of cell lines resistant (or tolerant )to DON toxin were isolated and many plants regenerated from them. Some plants in Rt and R2 generations showed higher resistance to scab than the original varieties.

关 键 词：小麦 赤霉病 体细胞 突变体 育种 

分 类 号：S512.103.4[农业科学—作物学]