日本蔺草对气候因子反应特性的研究  

Studies on Response Characteristics of Japanese Rush to Climatic Factors

作　　者：郑克武[1] 颜景秀[1] 李永丰[1] 张士敏 陈晓芒 

机构地区：[1]江苏省农业科学院农业现代化研究所,南京210014 [2]江苏省工艺品进出口公司(集团)草柳部,南京210005

出　　处：《江苏农业学报》1993年第3期24-28,共5页Jiangsu Journal of Agricultural Sciences

摘　　要：研究分析了温度、日照和降雨量等气候要素对蔺草分蘖、单苗草茎长度及伸长历期的影响。结果表明:①蔺草分蘖出生量(个/穴/日)与温度呈一元二次抛物线关系,方程为=—1.1621+0.4573t-0.0141t^2,相关系数R=0.8150,P<0.01,据此提出蔺草分蘖的起点温度为2.8℃,最适点温度为16.2℃,适宜温度范围(2个以上分蘖/穴/日)为11—21℃;指出蔺草在太湖地区栽培,虽全年均能发生分蘖,但由于温度的差异,分蘖一般出现两次快速增殖期:3—5月和9—11月。②单苗草茎伸长历期的长短主要受日均温度的控制,关系式为=(325.1+26.55t)/t,相关系数r=0.9968,P<0.01,达到极显著水平,表明拟合是真实的。③不同时期出生分蘖的草茎长度与其历期日均温度(x_1)、日照时数(x_2)和降雨量(x_3)的三元回归方程为=20.9+3.9394x_1-2.4110x_2+4.3322x_3,复相关系数R=0.9614,P<0.01。结合蔺草收割时所需的特定气候条件,提出蔺草宜在四季分明、气候温和、雨量充沛、有明显的梅雨季节、收割时又能伴有高温强光的气候条件的地区种植。The effects of climatic factors on the number of tillers per hill, length of single tiller stem and length of elongation period were analysed in Japanese rush(Juncus effusus L. var decipiens Buchen) crop. The results are as follows: 1.The relationship between the per hill number of rush tillers (Y) and temperature (t) can be expressed asY = -1. 1621 + 0. 4573t -0. 0141t2,based on which the critical temperature (2. 8C) and optimum temperature (16- 2C)for tillering were determined. The adequate temperatures range from 11 to 21 C , under which more than 2 tillers per hill per day will appear. Therefore rush can produce tillers throughout the year in the Taihu region, but the two most suitable periods for tillering are from March to May and from September to November. 2. The length of the stem elongation period of rush mainly depends on the mean daily temperature. Decreases in the mean temperature cause increases in the length of the elongation period and decreases in the accumulated temperature ( conversely, increases in the mean temperature cause decreases in the length of the elongation period and increases in the accumulated temperature. The relationship between the temperature (t)and the length of the e-longation period in days (Yd) can be described as Yd = 26- 55 + 325. 1 t'1. Its simulated values coincided with the observed values and the correlation coefficient reached 0. 9968, P<0. 01. 3. The relationship of the length of rush stem (Y,cm) to the mean daily temperature (x!,'C) day-length(x2 hour)and rainfall(x3,mm)at various stages can be described as Y = 20. 9+3. 9394x1-2. 4110x2+ 4.3322x3 (R = 0.9614, P<0.01). Rush is therefore recommended to be grown in the areas with distinct 4 seasons, temperate temperatures, plentiful rainfall, a typical rainy spell in early summer, and a hot and sunny harvesting period.

关 键 词：气候 蔺草 生长发育 日本 

分 类 号：S564.901[农业科学—作物学]