宪政基因概论——英美宪政生成路径的启示  

作　　者：钱福臣[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学法学院

出　　处：《法学研究》2002年第5期120-135,共16页Chinese Journal of Law

摘　　要：宪政基因是具有历史传承性的 ,能够引起宪政产生并决定其性质与发展方向的基本的社会因素。英美宪政之所以能率先生成并成为其他国家的学习典范 ,一个至关重要的原因是英美社会中较早地生成了个人权利诉求、政治权力多元和法律至上的宪政基因。这些基因是宪政产生及发展的原始动力 ,体现为宪法中的人民主权、基本人权、分权与制衡以及法治等原则。缺乏宪政基因的东方国家 ,最重要的是在社会上有意识地移植和培养这种基因 ,否则即使制定了宪法 ,也未必能够很好地实施。Constitutional genes are some of the fundamental social factors that have the characteristic of historical succession. They can lead to the emergence of constitutionalism and determine its nature and the direction of its development. One of the important reasons why constitutionalism first appeared in Great Britain and the United States was that the constitutional genes, such as individual claims of right, pluralism of political power and the supremacy of law, first appeared in these societies. These genes are the original motive force for the emergence and development of constitutionalism and reflected in the principles of people's sovereignty, basic human rights, separation of powers, check and balance and the rule of law. For the oriental countries which lack the constitutional genes, the most important thing is to consciously transplant and cultivate such genes in the society. Otherwise, even if a constitution is adopted in such a society, it will not be truly implemented.

关 键 词：宪政 宪法 法律至上 人民主权 基本人权 个人权利 法治 分权 先生 启示 

分 类 号：D911[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]