稻田引种旱作物及其复种轮作的研究  

A Trial of Introducing Upland Crops and Its Multiple Cropping Rotation on Paddy Fields

作　　者：费槐林[1] 王德仁[1] 应继锋[1] 陈斌 

机构地区：[1]中国水稻研究所

出　　处：《中国水稻科学》1989年第1期1-10,共10页Chinese Journal of Rice Science

摘　　要：以九种作物、九种复种方式组成六组二年一轮的复种轮作处理,经过四年的定位试验,初步明确,当地现行主要种植制度在生产粮食、饲料、油料、蛋白质过程中部有特定的地位和作用,应当全面发展。但生产内容单调,多数为纯粮型种植结构,经济效益不高,不利丰富社会产品和改善土壤物理性状。研究结果表明,通过春秋季引种旱作物,实行粮-饲、粮-肥、粮-经结合的“三旱三水”两年六熟复种轮作方式,能够明显提高经济、社会及生态效益。文中还就小型农户最佳种植结构,通过电算摸拟进行了分析。The throughout 4-year site-oriented cropping system trial was composed of 9 crops with 9 different cropping patterns,forming biennial multiple cropping and rotation systems of 6 groups.The experiment showed that the local cropping system played important role in the production of cereal,forage,oil,organic manure,and protein.But the low benefit of mono- cereal cropping structure is their main weak point which are unfavourable for providing plentiful agricultural products and improving the physical character of soil.It has been found that social economic,and ecological benefit and effect could be increased significantly by introducing spring and autumn upland crops into the cropping system,combining cereal crops with forage and cash crops,and practicing the biennial multiple cropping and rotation systems of“3 rice crops and 3 upland crops”and arranging them rationally.In addition,using computer and simulation technique,the optimum cropping patterns structure for small-scale farmer was offered in this paper.

关 键 词：复种 旱作物 轮作方式 引种 稻田 土壤物理性状 定位试验 种植结构 社会产品 生产 

分 类 号：S274[农业科学—农业水土工程] S511[农业科学—农业工程]