骨骼肌快速收缩时的糖代谢——糖原短路模型  

The Metabolism of Glucose in Rapid Contraction Skeletal Muscle(Review)--The Model of "Glycogen Shunt

作　　者：于文兵[1] 高丽丽[2] 刘庆山[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京体育学院,江苏南京210014 [2]青岛大学医学院,山东青岛266021

出　　处：《南京体育学院学报（自然科学版）》2002年第1期31-33,11,共4页Joournal of Nanjing Institute of Physical Education:Natural Science

摘　　要：根据目前13C和31P核磁共振(NMR)关于运动骨骼肌的研究,对运动骨骼肌能量代谢有了新的认识,并提出了新的能量代谢模型.在10～40ms的快速收缩中,需要能量快速地传递,骨骼肌中慢速的碳水化合物氧化供能最终必须设法与快速的能量消耗相适应,因此有人提出一个新的能量代谢模型--糖原短路:骨骼肌快速收缩的能量来源于糖原分解,在收缩间期,糖原重新合成来补充消耗的糖原,糖原合成需要的能量来自于氧化磷酸化,这个机制主要利用磷酸化酶快速转变的重要的特征腓肠肌,此过程产生的乳酸是能量快速消耗与相对慢速能量供应之间的时间缓冲,这合理的解释了富氧组织产生乳酸的原因.糖原短路的模型符合多数的生化和生理实验的结果,这个模型提供了骨骼肌疲劳的可能原因,提示骨骼肌糖原水平低的时候,不能提供快速收缩所需要的能量.Based on recent 13C and 31P NMR studies of exercising muscle, there was something new about energy metabolism, a model of the energetic of contraction was proposed. The rapidity of contraction, in 10-40 millisecond, requires that energy be delivered rapidly, so that the muscle has power requirements of rapid energy expenditure that are ultimately met by the slower supply of Carbohydrate Oxidation. The model of “glycogen shunt”was proposed. It supposed that energy is supplied in milliseconds by glycogenolysis and that between contractions, glycogenesis refills the pools. The energy for glycogenesis is supplied by oxidative phosphorylation. This mechanism utilizes the rapid conversion of glycogen phosphorylase, Lactate is necessarily generated by this pathway to serve as a time buffer between fast and slow energy needs, which resolves the paradoxical generation of lactate in well oxygenated tissue. Consequences of the glycogen shunt are compatible with numerous biochemical and physiological experiments. The model provides a possible mechanism for muscle fatigue, suggesting that at low glycogen concentrations, there is not enough glycogen to supply millisecond energy needs.

关 键 词：能量代谢 糖原短路 糖原分解 磷酸化酶:骨骼肌疲劳 

分 类 号：G8047[文化科学—运动人体科学]