塔里木河中下游退耕还林还草综合生态效益评价研究  

Approach on Ecological Benefit of Withdrawing from Farming to Afforesting and Grass Planting in Middle and Lower Reaches of Tarim River

作　　者：古丽努尔.沙布尔哈孜 尹林克[1] 热合木都拉.阿地拉 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830011

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2004年第5期80-83,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重大项目"退耕还林还草优化模式与途径实验示范"(KZCX1-08-02)资助

摘　　要：以恢复生态学为理论指导,区域可持续发展为目的,根据塔里木河中下游退耕还林还草的现状,建立退耕还林还草综合生态效益的评价指标体系和评价模型,应用层次分析法(AHP)原理推测塔里木河中下游生态林、经济林、牧草等3种退耕还林还草类型的综合生态效益指数,并与农田生态系统进行了对比研究。研究结果表明生态林、经济林、牧草等退耕还林还草类型的生态效益均大于农田生态系统。其生态效益指数排序为:经济林>生态林>牧草>农田。这一研究结果将为塔里木河中下游退耕还林还草工程规划、布局等经营方式提供理论依据。Using the theory of restoration ecology, and regarding the sustainable development of region as the main object, combineing with the present condition of withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass planting in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim river, this put forward the evaluation index system and evaluation model of compositive ecological benefit of ecological project of withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass planting in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim river. The evaluation index system includes 11 indices relating to biologi- cal benefit, soil benefit, small climate benefit and hydrological benefit. Applying analytic hierarchy process (AHP) evaluated ecological benefit of ecological forest, economic forest and herbage grassland and also compared with farmland ecosystem. The result indicated that compositive ecological benefit index of ecological forest 9 eco- nomic forest and herbage grassland ecosystem larger than farmland ecosystem and the order of ecological benefit is economic forest>ecological forest>herbage grassland>farmland ecosystem. Therefore the paper proposes some scientific suggestion of planning, overall arrangement, sort of tree and grass of ecological project withdrawing from farming to afforesting and grass planting in the middle and lower reaches of Tarim River.

关 键 词：塔里木河 中下游地区 退耕还林 退耕还草 生态效益 

分 类 号：S181[农业科学—农业基础科学]