施肥结构对旱地红壤有机质和物理性质的影响  

Effect of Fertilization Structures on Soil Organic Matter and Physical Properties of Upland Field in Red Soil Area

作　　者：李成亮[1] 孔宏敏[1] 何园球[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院南京土壤研究所,南京210008

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2004年第6期116-119,共4页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：中国科学院创新课题(ISSASIP0201和KZCX2-413)

摘　　要：研究了有机肥与化肥配施对旱地红壤有机质和物理性质的影响。结果表明,虽然部分年份各处理土壤有机质含量存在某些程度的波动,但总体上随施肥年限的延长呈增加趋势;与对照处理相比,有机肥能够显著地提高土壤有机质含量。本田还田是该地区提高土壤有机质含量的最佳方法。有机肥施用均可显著地降低红壤旱地土壤容重,提高土壤孔隙度;但不同的种类之间存在一定差异,即秸秆和本田还田的效果优于厩肥和绿肥的。与化肥处理相比,施用有机肥显著地促进了土壤中>1mm和1～0.5mm水稳性团聚体的形成,厩肥和绿肥处理中>1mm水稳性团聚体含量也显著高于秸秆及本田还田处理的。各种有机肥之间及其与对照相比0.5～0.25mm水稳性团聚体含量都存在不同程度的差异。有机肥的施用不仅显著地提高了0.25～0.05mm微团聚体含量,而且显著地降低了0.05～0.002mm微团聚体含量。除本田还田处理外,其它处理的<0.002mm微团聚体含量与对照相比差异显著。Effect of combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers on soil organic matter and red soil physical properties of upland field was studied in red soil area in this paper. The results showed that soil organic matter content from different treatments, with changing in some extents, increased with time as a whole. Combined application of organic and chemical fertilizers, compared with CK, evidently increased organic matter content in soil. Aerial parts returned itself, which economically and effectively increased soil organic mater content, was the best method of all treatments in this area. Combined use of organic and chemical fertilizers did not only markedly decrease the volumetric weight but also increased soil porosity, and the amended effect of stem or aerial parts returned itself field was better than that of livestock dung or green manure. Application of kinds of manure, compared with CK, were in favor of forming >0.5 mm water stable aggregate, the content of >1 mm water stable aggregate from livestock dung or green manure treatments was evidently higher than that from stem or aerial parts returned itself treatments. There were difference in some extents among four kinds of organic fertilizers and compared with CK in terms of 0.5～0.25 mm water stable aggregate content. Organic fertilizers application markedly did not only increase 0.25～0.05 mm microaggregate content but also decreased 0.05～0.002 mm microaggregate content. Except for aerial parts returned itself treatment, the content of <0.002 mm microaggregate from other organic fertilizer treatments, compared with CK, were marked difference.

关 键 词：施肥结构 旱地红壤 有机质 物理性质 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学] S147.2[农业科学—农业基础科学]