黄土退耕坡地膜下滴灌抗旱造林及减蚀效益研究  

Research on Dry-resisting Forestation Technique with Dripping Irrigation under Plastic Film and Efficiency of Reducing Soil Erosion on Reforest Slope Land

作　　者：张海[1] 高鹏程[1] 牛秀峰[1] 杨荣慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学资源环境学院,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《水土保持学报》2004年第6期190-192,共3页Journal of Soil and Water Conservation

基　　金：陕西省科技攻关"黄土高原优质牧草引种及坡地高效治理技术研究"项目(2003K02-G16-06)资助

摘　　要：以黄土高原主要造林树种刺槐、油松为材料,以坡地常规造林技术为对照,研究了退耕坡地大鱼鳞坑覆膜打孔滴灌技术,使水通过滴灌管缓慢滴入土壤深处,避免了水分无效蒸发,可使刺槐造林成活率达到98 7%,油松达到91 4%,分别比对照提高了36 6%和38%。在降雨量相同的情况下可明显促进幼树生长,刺槐3年平均生长量比对照提高28 1%,油松提高39 3%,树冠投影面积增加2倍。在中强度降雨2次/a、总降雨量387 4mm情况下,25°坡地土壤侵蚀模数下降至2500t/(a·km2)以下。Taking Acacia and Chinese pine, the main forestation trees on Loess Plateau, as material, and taking the local forestation technique on slope land as the control, the forestation technique with holing and dripping irrigation under plastic film is studied, which can make water go into the deeper soil layer by slowly dripping irrigation, and avoid vaporizing ineffectively of water. The result is the survival ratio of Acacia reaches 98.7%, 36.6% more than that of the control, and the survival ratio of Chinese pine reaches 91.4%, 38.0% more than that of the control. The growth of the young trees can be advanced evidently in the same rainfall with the control. The average growth quantity of Acaciaand Chinese pine are 28.8% and 39.3% more than the control respectively, and the area of the tree crown increases about 2 times. The soil erosion modulus decrease to 2 500 t/(a·km^2) less, on the condition with two times common-intense rains a year and 387.4　mm of total rainfall.

关 键 词：黄土 退耕坡地 膜下滴灌 抗旱造林 减蚀效益 

分 类 号：S157.2[农业科学—土壤学] S725[农业科学—农业基础科学]