长期施肥条件下菜田—蔬菜生态系统变化的研究 (Ⅳ)蔬菜生态系统的变化  

Studies on Changes of Field-Vegetable Ecosystem under Long-term Fixed Fertilizer Experiment

作　　者：葛晓光[1] 高慧[1] 张恩平[1] 王晓雪[1] 张昕[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,沈阳110161

出　　处：《园艺学报》2004年第5期598-602,共5页Acta Horticulturae Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目 (3 9970 5 15 )

摘　　要：以 2 0 0 2年设施番茄栽培为代表计算其N、P、K投入量与携出量之间的表观平衡状态 ,其结果基本上和 14 5年后的土壤实测值与设施栽培本底值之间纵向比较的增长关系一致 ,前者只能说明系统养分变化的趋势 ,后者才是实际的养分盈亏状态 ,养分盈亏主要取决于有机肥的施用与养分元素的供给。 5个代表性处理模拟了蔬菜施肥的不同现状 ,从土壤肥力及产量等方面的变化真实反映出各自的系统变化及发展趋势 ,在本试验条件下以ANK施肥下的系统最优。对有机肥施用、化学肥料的配施以及测土施肥等问题进行了探讨。Apparent bacauce of input and output of NPK obtained from protected tomato in 2002 coincided with the real nutrient increase or loss between the starting point under protected condition and practical nutrient content 14.5 years later. The former showed the trend of nutrient system changes, while the latter was the actual status of nutrient increase or loss. The nutrient increase or loss was mainly determined by the application of organic manure and nutrient supply. Soil fertilities and yields and other parameters of five typical treatments reflected the actual changes of each system, and the ANK treatment turned out to be the best system in our long-term fertilization trial. The application of organic manure, combination of chemical fertilizer and soil-testing fertilization method were discussed on the base of summarizing the long-term of fertilization trial.

关 键 词：施肥条件 菜田 蔬菜 生态系统 养分盈亏 

分 类 号：S63[农业科学—蔬菜学] S606[农业科学—园艺学]