浅论历史研究中的“目的论”倾向——以辛亥革命前十年中国社会主流的探讨为例  

Discussing about the Tendency of Teleology in History Research——Instancing the Exploring of the Main Stream of Chinese Society in the Ten Years Before the Revolution of 1911

作　　者：叶朝良[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学历史系,上海200062

出　　处：《巢湖学院学报》2004年第6期39-42,共4页Journal of Chaohu University

摘　　要：史学研究者之间对历史的认识产生歧异的根本原因在于历史研究中存在的“目的论”倾向 ,其主要表现就是采取了“事后认知和回推立论”的错误研究方法。比如说 ,认为辛亥革命前十年 ,中国社会的主流是革命派的活动的观点 ,就是典型的应用该方法得出的片面结果。为了克服这一倾向 ,我们必须坚持开放的研究态度 ,重视历史的过程。The basic reason of many different ideas about history among history researchers lies in that the tendency of teleology is existing in history research, which displaying with perceiving after the event and making a point by inferring into the past. For example, the point that in the ten years before the Revolution of 1911, the main stream of Chinese society is the activity of revolution, is a unilateral result that was conducted in a wrong way, perceiving after the event and making a point by inferring into the past. For conquering this tendency, we must insist on open study manner and take the study on history process seriously.

关 键 词：历史研究 “目的论” 辛亥革命 中国 社会主流 革命派 

分 类 号：K256[历史地理—历史学] K061[历史地理—中国史]