基于多回路数学模型的异步电动机内部故障瞬变过程  

TRANSIENT ANALYSIS OF INNER FAULTS IN INDUCTION MOTORS BASED ON MULTI-LOOP MATHEMATICAL MODEL

作　　者：孙丽玲[1] 李和明[1] 许伯强[1] 

机构地区：[1]华北电力大学电气工程学院,河北省保定市071003

出　　处：《电力系统自动化》2004年第23期35-40,75,共7页Automation of Electric Power Systems

基　　金：教育部高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金资助项目(20020079005)华北电力大学博士学位教师科研基金资助项目(09310016)

摘　　要：基于多回路理论,建立了YN接、Y接、D接笼型异步电动机在正常、内部故障(定子绕组匝间短路与转子断条)情况下的多回路数学模型。应用多回路数学模型对电机内部故障瞬变过程进行数字仿真和实验,以此研究电机定子电流及其负序分量、相位对称关系、边频分量的瞬变规律。分析仿真与实验结果表明:由于实际电机本身固有的不对称性,即使其正常运行,也必将在一定程度上体现内部故障特征;某些形式的定子绕组匝间短路故障可能抵消这种不对称性,并削弱(而非强化)定子绕组匝间短路故障特征;实际电机定子电流往往包含包括转子断条故障特征分量在内的多个边频分量,其中某些边频分量可能来源于电机气隙偏心、转子不对中或其他因素。在工程实际中进行电机内部故障检测时,必须密切关注上述规律,以保证故障检测灵敏度与可靠性。The multi-loop mathematical models of squirrel cage induction motor YN, Y or D connected are deduced and developed successfully under the conditions that the motor is healthy, faulty with inner faults viz. stator winding inter-turn short circuit (SWITSC) and broken rotor bar (BRB) fault. Based on above, the numerical simulation of the motor inner faults is accomplished and the relevant experiments have also been performed. By thoroughly analyzing the simulation and experiment results, a series of highlights to guarantee the sensitivity and reliability of the detection scheme for the motor inner faults have been revealed explicitly: Attributed to the asymmetries in nature, the healthy motor operating on site consequentially embodies to some extent the inner fault feature; Certain types of SWITSC might counteract such asymmetries and thus weaken (not strengthen) the SWITSC fault feature; Besides the BRB fault feature, the motor stator current always consists of a variety of edge-frequency components, perhaps resulted from the motor eccentricity, misalignment and so on. Ail these highlights must be paid relatively great attentions to assure the sensitivity and reliability of the SWITSC and BRB detection.

关 键 词：异步电动机 多回路模型 内部故障 定子绕组匝间短路 转子断条 检测 

分 类 号：TM343[电气工程—电机] TM307