动结式“追累”的语法和语义  

The Syntax and Semantics of "zhuilei" (chase-tired)

作　　者：沈家煊[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国社会科学院语言研究所,北京100732

出　　处：《语言科学》2004年第6期3-15,共13页Linguistic Sciences

摘　　要：本文论证,“追累”这样的动结式构成的句子,仅仅从动词和补语的论元结构和题元结构出发是无法对其语法和语义作出充分解释的,原因有两个,一是动结式的意义不能完全靠动词和补语的意义推导出来,二是动词和补语各自的词汇选择限制起重要作用。本文借用“认知语义学”的理论,从概念结构出发来解决问题,同时还说明为什么对这样的语法语义现象我们能够作出充分的解释,但只能作出不充分的预测。This paper claims that the syntactic and semantic characteristics of the resultative con- structions like 'zhuilei' (chase-tired) in Chinese cannot be fully explained by argument structures and thematic structures, because the total meaning of a resultative construction cannot be derived from the meaning of the verb plus the meaning of the complement, and selectional restrictions of lexical items may also play an important role. A better solution is provided based on the conceptual structures in the framework of Talmy's Cognitive Semantics. This case study is also to demonstrate that we can reach the goal of adequate explanation but not prediction in the study of certain syntactic and semantic phenomena.

关 键 词：论元结构 题元结构 概念结构 现代汉语 动结式 语法 语义 “追累” 

分 类 号：H146.3[语言文字—汉语]