冬春季呼吸道感染病原菌的分布及耐药性监测  

Distribution and Drug-Resistance Analysis of Respiratory Tract Infection Pathogens in the Winter-Spring

作　　者：顾文莉[1] 周慧君[1] 王玫琦[1] 孙康德[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海第二医科大学附属第九人民医院检验科,上海200011

出　　处：《现代检验医学杂志》2004年第6期31-33,共3页Journal of Modern Laboratory Medicine

摘　　要：目的 了解冬春季呼吸道感染病原菌分布及耐药性情况。方法 标本分离培养后,予以鉴定到种并进行相应的药敏试验。结果 376株病原菌中,G-杆菌占46.3％,其中铜绿假单胞菌和肺炎克雷伯菌为主要菌种,除嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌外,亚胺培南的耐药率最低;G+球菌中耐甲氧西林的葡萄球菌(MRS)的出现率相当高,MRSA和MRCNS的感染率分别高达82.3％和86.7％,无万古霉素耐药株;条件致病菌和真菌,特别是白色念珠菌的感染率上升。结论 依据病原菌的分布及耐药性变化合理选择抗生素是减少或延缓细菌耐药性产生的关键。Objective To investigate the distribution of clinical isolated pathogens and the trend of antibiotics resistance. Methods To collect data of 376 strains pathogens separated from clinical respiratory tract specimen from January to April in 2003 and make analysis on the drug sensitivity test. Results In 376 strains microorganisms, the Gram-negative bacilli covered 46.3%, in which Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Klebsiella pneumoniae were the major ones, and except Stenotrophomonas maltophilia,imipenem was the most sensitive to them. Among the Gram-positive cocci,the isolation rate of MR AS and MRCNS were 82. 3% and 86. 7% respectively, but no vancomycin resistant strain was found. The detected rate of opportunistic bacterial and fungus especially Candida albicans rose obviously. Conclusion In order to reduce or delay the production of drug-resistance,an urgent need for surveillance the distribution of pathogens and rational use of antibiotics should be emphasized during clinical therapy.

关 键 词：呼吸道感染 病原菌 分布 耐药性 

分 类 号：R372[医药卫生—病原生物学]