几类异源细胞质1B/1R、非1B/1R型小麦雄性不育系育性恢复性的比较研究  

Comparative studies on fertility restoration performance of 1B/1R and non-1B/1R male sterile wheats with some alloplasmic cytoplasms

作　　者：乔利仙[1] 张改生[2] 孙世孟[1] 王小利[2] 

机构地区：[1]莱阳农学院生命科学学院,山东莱阳265200 [2]西北农林科技大学陕西省作物杂种优势研究与利用重点实验室,陕西杨陵712100

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2004年第13期2291-2295,共5页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金 3 9970 45 4 资助 ;莱阳农学院科技计划

摘　　要：利用具有粘果山羊草 Aegilops kotschyi 、易变山羊草 Ae.variabilis 、偏凸山羊草 Ae.ventricosa 和二角山羊草 Ae.bicornis 异源细胞质的粘、易、偏和二角型 1B/ 1R、非 1B/ 1R型小麦雄性不育系为母本 ,一些优良小麦品种 系 为父本进行杂交 ,就 4类异源细胞质 1B/ 1R、非 1B/ 1R型不育系的育性恢复性进行比较研究 ,结果表明 : 1 4类异质 1B/ 1R、非 1B/ 1R型杂种自交结实率均低于相应普质杂种 ,说明由于核质不协调 ,4类异源细胞质对不育系育性恢复表现出一定的负效应 ; 2 非 1B/ 1R型杂种自交结实率明显高于 1B/ 1R型杂种 ,并达极显著差异 ,说明恢复性除受异源细胞质影响外 ,还与核内染色体核型密切相关 ; 3 非 1B/ 1R型杂种恢复度均在 6 5 %以上 ,大于 80 %的组合占 6 0 %以上 ,且变异范围较小 ,有望进一步研究利用 ; 4 1B/ 1R型杂种恢复度不高且变异较大 ,与1B· 1B/ 1R杂合染色体在减数分裂过程中的异常行为密切相关 ;而非 1B/ 1R型杂种由于不含 1B· 1B/ 1R杂合染色体 ,减数分裂过程中染色体行为相对稳定 ,易恢复且恢复度高 。The many hybrid wheat combinations were bred by 4 1B/1R and non-1B/1R male sterile wheats with Ae. kotschyi , Ae. variabilis , Ae. ventricosa and Ae. bicornis cytoplasms and some restoring lines , and the fertility restoration performance was analysed . The results were as follows: (1) The selfed seed set of 4 1B/1R and non-1B/1R hybrids was lower than that of A-hybrids; 4 alloplasmic cytoplasms had some negative effects on fertility restoration.(2) The selfed seed set of 4 non-1B/1R hybrids was significantly higher than that of 1B/1R hybrids, which showed that restoration performance was correlated to the nucleus-type except alloplasmic cytoplasms.(3)The selfed seed set of non-1B/1R hybrids was over 65%, and the combinations over 80% were more than 60%; non-1B/1R hybrids were probably to be used for study and application moreover. (4) The restoration degree of 1B/1R hybrids was low and varied greatly, which was correlated to the abnormal chromosomes′deeds of 1B·1B/1R hetero-nucleus on meiosis. The chromosomes′deeds in non-1B/1R hybrids were much steadier than that of 1B/1R hybrids for without 1B·1B/1R hetero-nucleus. non-1B/1R hybrids were easy to restore and restoring degree was high, and they had good prospects to be used.

关 键 词：异源细胞质 小麦 雄性不育系 育性恢复性 

分 类 号：Q943[生物学—植物学]