麦秸覆盖对土壤温湿度变化和夏棉生长发育的影响  

Effects of wheat straw mulching on soil temperature & moisture and growth & development of summer cotton

作　　者：马宗斌[1] 李伶俐[1] 房卫平[2] 谢德意[2] 杨铁刚[2] 

机构地区：[1]河南农业大学农学院,河南郑州450002 [2]河南省农业科学院棉花油料作物研究所,河南郑州450002

出　　处：《河南农业大学学报》2004年第4期379-383,共5页Journal of Henan Agricultural University

基　　金：河南省重大科技攻关项目(0322010800)

摘　　要：采用大区对比方法,研究了麦秸覆盖对土壤温湿度变化和夏棉生长发育的影响 结果表明,夏棉采用麦秸覆盖,出苗后0～50d,5,10和20cm土层的平均温度均有降低,5cm土层温度在8:00,15:00和20:00时均低于CK,土壤温差减小 出苗后0～30d,覆盖处理0～10cm和10～20cm土层土壤含水量比CK分别增加0 13%～2 56%和0 06%～1 96% 07-19～08-31,株高比CK增加2 3%～9 0%;LAI比CK增加0 047～0 802,07-31～09-13棉花群体光合速率比CK提高16 6%～28 2%.棉花单株结铃增加6 9%,铃重增加5 7%,皮棉产量比CK提高13 5%.Effects of wheat straw mulching on soil temperature & moisture and growth & development of summer cotton were studied by means of large-district contrast.The results showed that wheat straw mulching decreased average temperature day^(-1) in 5,10 and 20 cm soil layer and the temperature of 5 cm soil layer at 8:00,15:00 and 20:00 were all lower than that of the CK,and the difference in soil temperature decreased.On the other hand, after wheat straw mulching, soil water content of 0～10 cm and 10～20 cm soil layer increased by 0.13%～2.56% and 0.06%～1.96% respectively.And the height of the main stem, LIA and colony photosynthetic rate increased by 2.3%～9.0%, 0.047～0.802 and 16.6%～28.2% respectively,and boll number plant^(-1) and boll weight by 6.9% and 5.7% respectively.Compared with the control ,cotton lint yield increased by 13.5%.

关 键 词：麦秸覆盖 土壤温度 土壤湿度 夏棉 生长发育 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]