膝关节外伤性骨软骨骨折的X线和MRI表现  

The appearances of X-ray and MR imaging in osteochondral fracture of knee joint after acute injury

作　　者：赵涛[1] 翁磊[1] 尤玉华[1] 刘薇[1] 程晓光[1] 屈辉[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京积水潭医院放射科,100035

出　　处：《中华放射学杂志》2003年第11期985-988,共4页Chinese Journal of Radiology

摘　　要：目的　探讨膝关节骨软骨骨折的X线和MRI表现。方法　 12例膝关节外伤患者分别行X线平片及MR检查 ,回顾分析其表现并与关节镜及手术对照。结果　 12例患者MRI诊断 13处膝关节骨软骨骨折 ,7处位于股骨外髁 ,6处位于髌骨 ,同时可见 9块游离骨折片 ,MRI能清楚地显示骨软骨骨折的确切部位、大小、程度 ,而且能分辨出骨折块的软骨成分及软骨下骨质成分 ,T2 WI、短时反转恢复 (STIR)、快速梯度回波 (FFE)T2 WI序列三者结合显示骨软骨骨折最为清楚。X线检查可见 5例关节内游离骨块 ,不能明确来源。结论　MRI能准确显示并诊断膝关节外伤后骨软骨骨折 ,提高临床诊断并指导关节镜及手术治疗。X线为膝关节骨软骨骨折的最基本手段 。Objective To evaluate the appearances of osteochondral fracture of the knee on X-ray and MR imaging. Methods Twelve patients with knee acute injury were examined with X-ray and MRI. The findings of MRI and X-ray were analyzed and reviewed, and the results of each patient were confirmed by arthroscopy and operation. Results Thirteen areas of osteochondral fracture including 9 loose bodies in 12 patients were diagnosed by MRI. Seven locations were found by MRI in the distal lateral femoral condyle, and 6 in patellar. MRI could clearly show the location, the size, and the depth of each osteochondral fracture, and MRI could also differentiate the articular cartilage and the subchondral of the loose body. T 2WI, STIR, and FFE-T 2WI were the best sequences to demonstrate the osteochondral fracture. X-ray showed 5 loose bodies in the knee joint, but could not detect where they came from. Conclusion MRI can accurately reveal and diagnose the osteochondral fracture of knee after trauma, which improves the diagnostic certainty and is very helpful for arthroscopy and operation. X-ray is still the initial modality in detecting the osteochondral fracture of knee and should be combined with MRI to confirm the diagnosis.

关 键 词：骨软骨骨折 膝关节外伤 X线 诊断 MRI表现 MR检查 关节镜 显示 大小 快速 

分 类 号：R445[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]