棕榈藤物种的收集和引种驯化研究  

Study on the Collection and Introduction of Rattan Species

作　　者：尹光天[1] 许煌灿[1] 张伟良[1] 傅精刚 曾炳山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院热带林业研究所

出　　处：《林业科学研究》1993年第6期609-617,共9页Forest Research

基　　金：加拿大国际发展研究中心(IDRC)资助

摘　　要：本研究共收集/引种棕榈藤3属48种6变种,保存36种5变种,其中省藤属30种5变种,黄藤属5种,钩叶藤属1种,保存率为75.9％。研究结果表明:绝大部分国内藤种表现出较强的适应性,而引自国外的藤种,只有异株藤、长咀黄藤、马尼拉藤和西加省藤表现出较强的适应性,其它藤种均难于忍受低温或干旱条件;根据苗期的生长速率,可将苗木归成3种类型:即速生型、次速生型和慢生型;依藤种的开花结实过程和特点,可将藤种划分成4种类型:即花鞭短发育期型、花鞭长发育期型、长果期型和不定花果期型;白藤、黄藤、单叶省藤和异株藤最适于在华南地区扩大栽培,而短叶省藤、版纳省藤、上思省藤、长咀黄藤和西加省藤等属质量较优、适应性较强的藤种亦具有较大的发展潜力。Fourty-eight species and six varieties of rattan belonging to 3 genera have been collected/introduced, in which, 36 species and 5 varieties survived with a rate of 75.9%,among them, there are 30 species and 5 varieties of Calamus, 5 species of Daemonorops and 1 species of Plectocomia.The results show that most of the native species have a stronger adaptability than the exotic ones collected. Most of the exotic species could not endure the low temperature and drought condition except for the species of Calamus dioicas, C. maniilensis, C. caesius and Daemonorops jenkinsiana. According to the growth performance of seedlings of different species, they could be incorporated into 3 types, viz. fast growing, sub-fast growing and slow growing,based on the bio-characteristics of flowering and fruiting, the species of rattan could be divided into 4 types, viz. long period of flowering development, short period of flowering development, long period of fruiting development and irregular period of flowering & fruiting. The species of C. tetrad actylus, D. margaritae, C. simplicifolius and C. dioicus are suitable for extending cultivaton in South China, and C. egregius, C. nambariensis var. xishuangbannanensis, C. distichus var. shangsiensis, D. jenkinsiana and C. caesius have a good potential for development in South China.

关 键 词：棕榈藤 引种驯化 苗木生长 适应性 

分 类 号：S792.910.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]