油田含油污泥微波处理实验研究  

An Experimental Study on Microwave Treatment of Watery Sludge for Oil Fields

作　　者：刘晓娟[1] 张宁生[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安石油大学石油工程学院,陕西西安710065

出　　处：《油田化学》2004年第3期287-289,共3页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：对油田污水处理中产生的高含水污泥的微波处理进行了实验研究。污泥样取自陕北靖边油田靖北油区,经静置沉降、除去上清液后,含水(以质量计,下同)78.3%,含油11.6%,含固相(干污泥)10.1%,pH值7.5,开始沸腾温度随含水率升高而升高,含水率在75%左右变化时,该温度在70～85℃范围。采用均匀设计实验法,用功率0.9～3.0kW的微波处理含水污泥1～8小时,使污泥总量和含水在不同程度上减少,含油则大体不变;由处理后含水与作用时间、微波能耗关系,估算出用功率20kW的微波将10m3污泥处理15小时,含水可由85%降至45%,耗电量为300kW·h。污泥用最小功率的微波加热30分钟后上部形成占总量1/5的乳状液,该乳状液含油42.6%,含水～50%,含固相<10%,在60℃加热20小时基本不破乳,用150W和700W功率微波处理20小时,破乳率分别为25%和>7%。微波处理法可用于含水污泥的油、水、渣三相分离。图4表1参2。An experimental study is conducted for microwave (MW) treatment of watery sludge from oil fields. The sludge sample is taken from northern district of Jingbian oil field, Northern Shaanxi and, after sedimentation and water separation, contains 78.3% water, 11.6% oil, and 10.1% solids (m/m) and has pH value of 7.5. It begins to boil at higher temperatures when contains more water and its initial boiling point changes from 70℃ to 85℃ when water content changing in a narrow range near 75%. In experiments on MW treatments at power 0.9—3.0 kW in 1—8 hrs, the total mass and the water content of the sludge decrease in different extent and the oil content practically remains unchanged; from the relationships between water content and radiation time or power consumption, it is estemated that treating 10 m^3 of soludge by MW at power 2 kW in 15 hrs reduces its water content from 85% to 45% and consumes electric energy of 300 kW·h. After heating the sludge by MW at the lowest power in 30 minuts, an emulsion in amount of 20% total mass is formed as a top layer and contains 42.6% oil, ～50% water, and <10% solids. The emulsion does not break down in 20 hrs of heating at 60℃ but breaks down in 20 hrs of MW treating at 150 W and 700 W with 25% and >70% water separated. MW treatments might be applied to separation of oil, water, and solid phases for watery sludge.

关 键 词：油田 含油污泥 微波处理技术 测定方法 含水率 

分 类 号：X741.03[环境科学与工程—环境工程]