丙烯腈对男工生殖健康影响的流行病学研究  

Effect of Acrylonitrile on Male Reproductive Health Among Occupationally Exposed Workers

作　　者：钟先玖[1] 吴鑫[1] 周元陵[1] 金沈雄[1] 金泰廙[1] 

机构地区：[1]复旦大学附属金山医院职业病防治所,上海200540

出　　处：《职业卫生与应急救援》2004年第4期173-177,共5页Occupational Health and Emergency Rescue

摘　　要：目的探讨职业接触丙烯腈对男工生殖健康的影响.方法采用回顾性问卷调查方法对275名职业性接触丙烯腈男工和229名无接触丙烯腈史男工进行职业生殖流行病学调查.结果接触丙烯腈男工的妻子异常妊娠结局的发生率明显高于对照组.经分层分析,表明接触组妻子的过期产、不孕症和自然流产的相对危险度分别为3.65(95%CI:1.53～8.69)、2.22(95%CI:1.18～5.58)和1.51(95%CI:1.14～3.07),差异有显著性,低浓度车间男工妻子的不孕症和自然流产率明显低于其他3个浓度较高车间(P＜0.05),虽4个车间之间死胎发生率无明显差异,但死胎全部出现在浓度较高车间.夫妻双方接触丙烯腈组妻子自然流产发生率明显高于仅男工接触组(RR=2.33,P＜0.05).此外还发现接触丙烯腈男工性功能障碍应答率明显升高,与对照组比较差异有显著性(RR=2.43,95%CI:1.11～5.32).其他异常生殖指标及妊娠合并症,接触组与对照组之间差异无显著性.结论丙烯腈对男工有潜在的生殖危害,可能导致不良生殖结局;丙烯腈还可能引起男工性功能障碍.Objective To explore the effects of acrylonitrile(ACN) on reproductive function in male workers. Methods 275 male workers exposed to ACN and 229 male control workers were investigated by retrospective questionnaires. Results The incidence of abnormal pregnancy outcome in wives of male workers exposed to ACN was significantly higher than that in control group. Relative risk(RR) of prolonged childbearing, barrenness and spontaneous abortion in the wives of workers exposed to ACN were 3.65(95%CI:1.53 ~ 8.69), 2.22(95%CI:1.18 ~ 5.58) and 1.51(95%CI:1.14 ~ 3.07) respectively. The incidences of barrenness and spontaneous abortion in the wives of male workers working in lower-concentration workshop were significantly lower than whom in other three higher concentration workshops(P<0.05). Though incidence of stillbirth among 4 workshops had no significant difference, but all the stillbirth occurred in the higher concentration workshops. The incidence of spontaneous abortion in the group of both the couples exposed to ACN was significantly higher than that in the group of only male workers exposed(RR=2.33, P<0.05). The rate of self-report about sexual functional disorder in male worker exposed to ACN was significantly higher than that in male non-exposed workers(RR=2.43, 95%CI:1.11 ~ 5.32). Conclusion ACN is potential harmful to reproduction, and may induce adverse reproductive outcome. It also indicated that ACN may cause sexual functional disorder in male exposed workers.

关 键 词：丙烯腈 生殖流行病学 妊娠结局 

分 类 号：R135.1[医药卫生—劳动卫生] R181.31[医药卫生—公共卫生与预防医学]