温湿度对中华通草蛉越冬成虫存活的影响  

Effects of temperature and relative humidity on survival of the overwintering green lacewing,Chrysoperla sinica(Tjeder) (Neuroptera: Chrysopidae)

作　　者：许永玉[1] 牟吉元[1] 胡萃[2] 王洪刚[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东农业大学昆虫系,泰安271018 [2]浙江大学植保系,杭州310029

出　　处：《生态学报》2004年第11期2569-2572,共4页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：山东省利用世界银行贷款科研资助项目 ;山东农业大学博士后资助项目和博士基金资助项目~~

摘　　要：室内研究了不同温湿度对中华通草蛉 (Chrysoperla sinica)越冬成虫存活的影响。试验采用因子二次正交旋转组合设计的要求安排 ,研究了越冬成虫在不同的温度组合条件下储存不同时间后的存活率 ,并得到了在不同时间后 ,成虫存活率与温湿度间的二次回归模型。结果表明 ,在试验条件下 ,越冬成虫存活的最佳条件组合是温度为 5℃和相对湿度为 75 % ,此条件下储存90 d的越冬成虫存活率达 85 %以上 ;温度对成虫存活率的影响最大 ,湿度次之 ,温湿度的交互作用最不重要。利用温湿度与存活率之间的回归方程 ,分析并得出了适宜于越冬中华通草蛉成虫存活的条件为温度 5～ 9℃ ,相对湿度 70 %～ 85 % 。The green lacewing, Chrysoperla sinica (Tjeder), a common species in China, is known as an important natural enemy attacking aphids, mites and many lepidopteron pests. Under natural conditions, it overwinters as adults in facultative diapause. Previous field surveys conducted in Shandong showed that adult population of C. sinica was high in the early winter, and low in the coming spring, indicating that high mortality occurred during the winter. To determine if the winter's low temperature and relative humidity (RH) influence the population reduction of C. sinica adults, we conducted a series of laboratory experiments with different combinations of temperature and RH and lengths of exposure time (30,60,90,120 and 150d) under each temperature-RH combination. Results showed that the survival rate of C. sinica adults decreased as lengths of exposure time increased under a given combination of temperature and RH. More than 85% of adult C. sinica survived under a combination of 5℃ and 75% RH and an exposure time of 90d. We established six regression equations for expressing correlation between the C.sinica adult's survival rates and the combinations of temperature and RH. The results caculated from these equations showed that >50% of C. sinica adults could successfully overwinter under the conditions of 5～9℃ and 70%~85% RH. The temperature below 1℃ was lethal to overwintering adults. After analyzing the relationships between the survival rates and the combinations of temperatures and RHs, we conclude that the survival rates are affected by both the temperature and the RH, and the former is more important than the latter.

关 键 词：中华通草蛉 温度 相对湿度 存活率 越冬成虫 

分 类 号：S476[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]