多股多层水平有压淹没射流消能特性研究  

Investigation on energy dissipation of multiple submerged horizontal jets with pressure flow

作　　者：张建民[1] 李艳玲[1] 杨永全[1] 许唯临[1] 曾雄辉[2] 程浩[2] 

机构地区：[1]四川大学高速水力学国家重点实验室,四川成都610065 [2]国家电力公司中南勘测设计研究院,湖南长沙410014

出　　处：《水利水电技术》2004年第11期30-33,共4页Water Resources and Hydropower Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50209010);国电公司重点科研项目.

摘　　要：　对多股多层水平淹没射流有压体型消能特性和水力特性进行了消能分析和试验研究.实测的消力池底板压力分布特性、流态稳定性、流速衰减规律表明,采用有压射流将高速下泄水流导入下游水体中,利用三元强剪切及紊动消能,可大大降低临底流速,减小消力池底板上的动水冲击,增加淹没射流消能的稳定性,减小了雾化对周围环境的影响,是一种消能率高、低雾化、适应性较好、安全的新型消能方式.但是,对于中孔进口位置较低的水利枢纽工程存在深水闸门受力过大及开启条件限制较多等不足.The results of an experimental investigation into the behavior of the so-called Multiple Submerged Horizontal Jets with pressure flow are presented. After an introduction to the hydraulics problems involved in the computation and design of abruptly or gradually enlarged stilling basin, some information about the most important references is added. Velocity profile, free water surface, time-averaged pressure and fluctuating pressure were measured at a model and these distributions and characteristics were analyzed. Experimental investigations show this kind of energy dissipation is able to realize a good goal with lower velocity on the bottom, more stable flow pattern, and higher energy loss. Lower velocity above the lining is preferred to minimize the risk of the ablation in stilling basin. In this paper, we had analyzed the turbulence flow and obtained some laws that the height of an abrupt and enlarge width ratio affects strongly the stability of flow and the velocity on the bottom. When the flow in chute, which outlet is rectangle or square shape and lies on the middle of the water depth at the toe, is pressure flow, a stable flow pattern will be obtained. In order to reduce the risk of cavitation, this paper also provided some principle based on these experimental results.

关 键 词：多股多层水平淹没射流 有压流 消能 

分 类 号：TV135.1[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]