杉木生长与材性联合遗传改良研究  

RESEARCH ON THE JOINT GENETIC IMPROVEMENT OF GROWTH AND WOOD PROPERTIES IN CHINESE FIR (CUNNINGHAMIA LANCEOLATA (LAMB.) HOOK.)

作　　者：施季森[1] 叶志宏[1] 翁玉榛 余荣卓 李寿茂 陈仁贤 刘大林[3] 张福寿[3] 李玉科[3] 

机构地区：[1]南京林业大学 [2]福建省洋口林场 [3]福建省林业厅

出　　处：《南京林业大学学报（自然科学版）》1993年第1期1-8,共8页Journal of Nanjing Forestry University：Natural Sciences Edition

基　　金："七五"国家科技攻关项目(75)-07-01-(32)子专题

摘　　要：系列研究结果表明:CSBHTP法是生长与材性联合遗传改良实用材性测定取样技术;比重(SG)直接与杉材强度指标紧密相关,比重(SG)和管胞长度(TL)是材性改良的重要性状;杉木种源生长量与纬度呈负相关,SG与经度呈正相关,分布中心区东部似生长材质兼优的基因库;不同交配系统中遗传型间生长和材性均存在明显的遗传变异,SG的单株遗传力为0.29,家系遗传力为0.50,生长和材性性状主要受母本一般配合力效应和母本效应的控制;生长与材性性状在遗传上似为相互独立;幼龄材-成熟材材性相关密切, 1～15年龄段幼龄材能较好预测成熟材SG和TL;两阶段独立选择是联合改良的有效方法,在最大限度提高生长量的同时,又可使SG保持不变或提高5％左右。Based on a series of research, achievements on joint genetic improvenent of growth and wood properties in Chinese fir were represented. The results show that:(1) It was the applied sampling method to take a single core sample through pith at breast height (CSBHTP) for wood-property e-valuation in joint genetic improvement in Chinese fir, which is the undistructural sampling method. (2) SG and TL are the important traits in joint genetic improvement, SG was strongly realted to the characters of MOE, MOR, IBS and MCS. (3) The genetic variation patterns for growth and wood properties were different, growth traits were negatively related to longitude, while SG was increasing along with the increasing of latitude, and the eastern region of the central distribution area of Chinese fir may be the 'superior' gene pool both for growth and wood properties. (4) There was a significant genetic variation among families from open-pollinated, tester and diallel mating system ; the individual and family heritability on SG were 0. 29 and 0. 5-respectively; both growth and wood property characters were strongly influenced by the general combining ability of female parent and maternal effect, which is the first time to found such a genetic effect on SG by the maternal factor on Chinese fir. (5) There was no significant correlation between growth and wood property, which seems independent each other and can be improved together genetically. (6) There was a significant correlation between the juvenile and the mature wood property (at rotation age) , which can be properly predicted by the juvenile SG and TL of core sampling around 15-year-old. (7) The SG can be kept unchanged and/or increased 5 % through joint genetic improvement, while the growth traits could be improved as better as possible. (8) It is the efficient method to use the two-stage independent selection in the joint genetic improvement of growth and wood property. Finally, several fundamental problems related to the joint improving were also discussed.

关 键 词：杉木 生长 遗传改良 木材性质 

分 类 号：S791.270.4[农业科学—林木遗传育种]