植被作用下的土壤干化及其发生机制探讨  

Approach to soil desiccation by vegetation and mechanism of its genesis

作　　者：王青宁[1] 王晗生[2] 周景斌[1] 吴高潮[1] 

机构地区：[1]杨凌职业技术学院林学系,陕西杨凌712100 [2]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》2004年第4期163-167,共5页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

摘　　要：通过分析黄土高原不同类型植被下的土壤水分状况,探讨了植被作用下土壤干化的特征和机制,以正确认识其实质,并提供可调控的依据。结果表明,植被作用下的土壤干化具有相对稳定性,其数量指标可采用田间稳定湿度值衡量。在黄土高原气候及地质条件下,土壤干化是植被作用下易于发生的现象,但它并不是植被建造的必然结果。人为营造大片耗水性强的植被类型,高密度以及追求高生产量,是其发生的关键因素。通过了解人工林草物种特点的二重性、合理配置群落结构的必要性以及人工与天然起源的植被在植物竞争效应方面的差异,可对其实施有效管理。植被下土壤干化的普遍发生,不应当妨碍黄土高原进一步开展林草植被建设。By analysing soil water regimes for kinds of vegetation, this paper broadly discusses the characteristics of soil desiccation by vegetation and mechanism of its genesis so as to properly understand what it is and provide bases for conditioning it. It is indicated that soil desiccation by vegetation is characterized by relative stability, and field steady moisture might be taken as a quantitative index to measure it. Under droughty climatic conditions characterized by less rain and strong evaporation,soil desiccation by vegetation is liable to occur because of deep groundwater level in the Loess Plateau, but it isn't inevitable for vegetation construction in the Loess Plateau. Constructing large-area vegetation with striking water consumption, high community density and pursuing high community productivity is crucial to its genesis. Soil desiccation might be conditioned by understanding the duality of the specialites of species composing artificial vegetation, necessity for reasonably disposing community structure, and difference in individual competition between artificial communities and natural communites. So soil desiccation occurance generally by vegetation should not be taken as a reason to doubt or even negate forest and grass vegetation construction in the Loess Plateau.

关 键 词：土壤干化 植被建造 黄土高原 土壤水分状况 耗水性 林草植被 发生 生产量 竞争效应 作用 

分 类 号：S157[农业科学—土壤学] S152.7[农业科学—农业基础科学]