论长期使用水库的造床过程——兼论三峡水库长期使用的有关参数  

Process of the Channel Formation in Long-Term Operation Reservoir

作　　者：韩其为 何明民 

机构地区：[1]水科院灾害与环评中心

出　　处：《泥沙研究》1993年第3期1-21,共21页Journal of Sediment Research

摘　　要：本文在过去作者研究水库长期使用的理论基础上对它的造床过程做了进一步较深入的研究,这不仅进一步揭示了其内在机理,而且通过形态的分析和计算,能得出更为明确、更为形象的结果。文中首先研究了长期使用水库的造床特点和建立平衡的过程、相对平衡纵横剖面的塑造、第一和第二造床流量的意义和确定方法及有关公式。其次按淤积末端高程高于和低于正常蓄水位两种情况,详细地阐述了保留横剖面及保留库容的计算。最后作为一个例子阐述了前两部分结果在长江三峡水库应用情况,确定了该水库有关长期使用参数和形态数据,相对平衡坡降和第一造床流量、第二造床流量和相对平衡横剖面、淤积体积和保留库容、河槽和滩面的平衡时间和淤积过程,推移质淤积纵剖面等,所有这些结果与不平衡输沙数学模型通过水库淤积过程详细计算的结果是一致的。本项研究不仅涉及到长期使用水库的一般理论和在长江三峡水库的应用,而且提出的水库造床特征和机理有一般的参考意义。Emphysis is placed by the authors on the significance of further study on the theory of long term operation of reservoir. In the first part, the characteristics of the channel formation during long-term operation of reservoir is analysed including the formation of relativity equilibrium longitudinal profile and cross section of the channel, the determination of the first and second discharge for the channel formation and their corresponding equilibrium slope and other parameters.In the second part, the preserved storage is distinguished into severalportions and their calcu lation formulae are derived separately under bothconditions: the level of deposition end lower and higher than the normal storage level.In the third part, results in the former two parts have been applied to the study of Three Gorge Reservoir. The application study consists of the parameters of that reservoir for the long-term operation and the form of the river channel, including the equilibrium slope and the first discharge of channel formation, the second discharge of that and the relative equilibrium cross section, the sedimentation amount and the preserved capacity, the process of sedimentation, and the longitudinal profile of bed load sediment ation. All the results obtained are in good agreement with the calculation results of the mathematical model of nonequilibrium transportation. The study results in this paper not only concerned to the general idea of long-term operation reservoir and its application to the Three Gorge Reservoir, but also contributed to the development of new calcul-a tion method and revealed some new characteristics and mechanism of the channel formation.

关 键 词：水库 造床过程 泥沙淤积 长期使用 

分 类 号：TV145[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]