残茬覆盖与耕作方式对夏玉米叶片衰老代谢和籽粒产量的影响  

Effects of Stubble Mulching and Tillage Management on Leaf Senescence Metabolism and Grain Yield in Summer Maize

作　　者：付国占[1] 李潮海[2] 王俊忠 王振林[4] 曹鸿鸣[4] 焦念元[1] 王小东[1] 

机构地区：[1]河南科技大学农学院,河南洛阳471003 [2]河南农业大学农学院,郑州450002 [3]河南省农业技术推广总站,郑州450002 [4]山东农业大学农学院,山东泰安271018

出　　处：《西北植物学报》2005年第1期155-160,共6页Acta Botanica Boreali-Occidentalia Sinica

摘　　要：对小麦机械收获后残茬覆盖与不覆盖两种条件下免耕、翻耕和播种行深松3种土壤耕作方式的夏玉米开花后叶片衰老生理特性和籽粒产量进行了研究.结果表明,残茬覆盖和深松耕作的玉米叶片SOD和POD活性提高、MAD含量降低、叶绿素和可溶性蛋白质含量高、降解速度慢,维持了叶片后期较高的生理功能.最终开花后干物质生产量和玉米籽粒产量表现为:覆盖显著高于不覆盖,深松显著高于翻耕和免耕,残茬覆盖与深松结合效果最好.Effects on post-anthesis leaf senescence physiological characteristics and grain yields of tillage managements including no tillage,moldboard plowing and subsoiling have been studied in summer maize under stubble mulching and no mulching conditions.The results have shown that stubble mulching and subsoiling led to increased SOD and POD activity,decreased the content of MAD,while the chlorophyll and soluble protein is higher in content and degraded slowly in summer maize.All these made leaf physiological function stronger in later growing period.Finally,the post-anthesis biomass production and grain yield were higher significantly for stubble mulching treatment versus no mulching treatment,subsoiling treatment versus moldboard plowing and no tillage treatment.Stubble mulching with the subsoiling had got the best result.

关 键 词：残茬覆盖 耕作方式 夏玉米 衰老代谢 籽粒产量 

分 类 号：Q945.48[生物学—植物学] S513.01[农业科学—作物学]