孟加拉国布拉马普特拉河河床冲淤特性  

Characteristics of Channel Deformation of the Brahmaputra River in Bangladesh

作　　者：周文浩[1] 赵华侠[1] 

机构地区：[1]水利水电科学研究院

出　　处：《泥沙研究》1993年第2期1-13,共13页Journal of Sediment Research

摘　　要：布拉马普特拉河是著名于世的大河之一。本文根据实测资料,分析了该河的平面形态,冲淤特性等,指出布拉马普特拉河是一条基本平衡的游荡性分汊河道。1. According to the analyses of static and dynamic characteristics, the Brahmaputra River is classified into a wandering-braided river with the morphological and hydraulic indexes between those of the Yangtze and the Yellow River in China.2. In recent twenty-five years, the Brahmaputra River was in the state of equilibrium with slight deposition, which can be proved by the facts that the water levels under the same discharge were raised by 1-2cm every year, the channel bed was annually raised by 1cm according to the conversion of channel deposition, and the average rate of deposition in the past 200 years was estimated to be 0.5cm according to the deposition on the flood-plains. The ranges of water level variations at the same discharge caused by channel deformation were less than 1m, and the water level, variation at the same discharge during a flood period was in the range of 0.5m.3. In the past twenty five years from 1965-66 to 1980-81, the channel upstream from J# 12 was in the state of deposition while the channel downstream from J# 12 was suffered from erosion. Oppositely, in the period from 1980-81 to 1988-89, the channel bed upstream fome J# 12 was eroded and the channel downstream from J# 12 was in deposition. 'The fact was caused by the movement of continuous deposits along the channel. The continuous deposits was formed by the mountain slide caused by earthquake in Assam, India, in 1950s, and shifted into the lower Brahmaputra River in Bangladesh, in 1970S.4. The fluvial process for the Brahmaputra river is predominately, caused by the transport of bed load and coarse suspended load accounting for 15-35 percent of the total suspended load. The outstanding feature of the fluvial process is constituted by growth and decline of sand bars, islands and branches.5. The huge amount of sedimient coming from the Brahmaputra, the Gan-ge and the Meghna rivers is carried by the strong tide flow through a deep subsurface gorge outside the mouth of the Brahmaputra River to the Bengal Bay. This is why the estuary of

关 键 词：河床冲淤 泥沙 布拉马普特拉河 推移质 

分 类 号：TV147.3[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]