陕北出土三方唐五代党项拓拔氏墓志考释——兼论党项拓拔氏之族源问题  

A Study on Three Inscriptionsof the Tangut-TuobaUnearthed from North Shaanxi Provincein the Tang and the Five Dynasties: with an Additional Discussion on the Problems of the Tangut-Tuoba's Origin

作　　者：周伟洲[1] 

机构地区：[1]陕西师范大学西北民族研究中心

出　　处：《民族研究》2004年第6期70-81,共12页Ethno-National Studies

摘　　要：最近第一次公布的陕北出土唐至五代三方党项拓拔氏墓志 (《拓拔守寂墓志》、《李仁宝墓志》和《破丑氏夫人墓志》) ,对于建立西夏政权的党项拓拔氏早期历史的研究 ,具有十分重要的价值。本文在对上述三方墓志考释的基础上 ,基本理清了唐初党项拓拔氏部迁徙的历史 ,即迁徙的时间和地点等问题 ;辨证其主要家族的世系及活动 ,解决了过去中外学者研究中的疑难之处 ;以三方墓志对其祖源的记述为根据 ,讨论了学界长期争论的党项拓拔氏的族源问题。笔者认为 ,应以史书及《拓拔守寂墓志》所记其源于西羌为确 ,并研讨了党项拓拔氏从唐末后攀附元魏鲜卑拓跋氏的过程。The Three inscriptions of the Tangut-Tuoba unearthed from north Shaanxi province in Tang and the Five dynastieshave been published recently. They are inscriptions on the memorial tablet within the tombs of Tuoba Shouji, Li Renbao and MadamePochou. The inscriptionsare valuablefor the studies of the early stage of the Tangut-Tuobawho built up the Xixia Dynasty. On the basis of the textual research on these inscriptions, this paper illustratesthe migration history of the Tangut-Tuoba, showing the time and location of the migration. And the paper also differentiates and rectifiesthe pedigrees of major families and their activities, and clears up the doubts and difficultiesof Chineseand foreign researchers. According to the accounts of their ancestors in the historical booksand these inscriptions, the paper discusses the problem of the origin of the Tangut-Tuoba, which has been disputed for a long time by the researchers. The author argues that the accounts in inscription on the memorial tablet within the tombs of Tuoba Shouji and history books are true, that is, the Tangut-Tuobacame from the Western Qiang. The paper studiesthe process that the Tangut-Tuobaattached themselves to the Xianbei-Tuoba, the rulersof the Northern Wei, since the late Tang Dynasty.

关 键 词：墓志 党项 出土 族源 早期历史 世系 西夏 源问题 中外 活动 

分 类 号：K877.45[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]