施肥对油菜产量及其硝酸盐含量的影响  

The effect of the application of fertilizers on rape yield and on its nitrate accumulation

作　　者：李博文[1] 谢建治[1] 杨华[1] 王树涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]河北农业大学资源与环境科学学院,河北保定071001

出　　处：《河北农业大学学报》2004年第6期12-15,共4页Journal of Hebei Agricultural University

基　　金：河北省自然科学基金项目(302340)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验研究了施肥对油菜产量和硝酸盐含量的影响。结果表明,无公害油菜生产施用无机肥,以磷酸二氢铵为佳,碳酸氢铵次之,尿素相应效果最差,施用无机肥氮素用量以不超过375kg/hm2为宜;采取"攻前期控后期,重基肥轻追肥"的氮肥施用策略,有利于保证其上市时的质量;氮肥与有机肥配合施用,尿素与马粪配施比例以1∶2为最佳;尿素与牛粪的总施氮量应控制在750kg/hm2以下,且其配比中尿素氮用量应低于1∶3。The effects of the application of nitrogenous fertilizers on rape yield and on its nitrate accumulation were tested in pot condition. The results show that while inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers are applied to produce pollution-free rape, ammonium dihydric phosphate is one of the most suitable nitrogenous fertilizers, ammonium bicarbonate rates next and urea is the most unfit. And their total application amount should be no more than 375 kg/hm^2。It is advantageous to quality improvement of pollution-free vegetable products to take the reasonable measures of applied inorganic nitrogenous fertilizers, i.e. nitrogenous fertilizers should be added as basal fertilizer at early stage of vegetable growth and to decrease the amount as topdressing fertilizer at the later stage. When nitrogenous fertilizers are combined with organic fertilizer to be applied to rape, one of the best ratios of combined application of urea and horse dung is 1∶2, the total application amount of urea and cow dung is lower 750 kg/hm^2, and urea ratio of combined application with cow dung should be lower than 1∶3.

关 键 词：施肥 油菜 产量 硝酸盐含量 

分 类 号：S630.6[农业科学—蔬菜学]