硬地层PDC钻头设计的探讨  

Design of PDC bit for hard formation

作　　者：邹德永[1] 梁尔国[1] 

机构地区：[1]石油大学

出　　处：《石油机械》2004年第9期28-31,共4页China Petroleum Machinery

摘　　要：目前的PDC钻头只能有效地钻进软到中硬的比较均质的地层 ,而在硬的、研磨性和软硬交错等非均质地层中 ,或钻速低 ,或寿命短。为此 ,研究分析了剖面形状、切削齿布置、切削齿工作角、副切削齿等设计对PDC钻头性能的影响 ,提出了以同时加强钻头的稳定性、耐久性和钻进能力为目标的设计观点和建议。研制的新型PDC钻头采用了短抛物线形剖面和楔形人造聚晶金刚石孕镶块辅助切削齿结构 ,中密度布齿 ,切削齿后倾角由内向外在 10～ 15°范围内变化。试验表明 ,与牙轮钻头相比 ,PDC钻头钻速提高了 5 9 6 % ,每米钻井成本降低了 2 6 %。Designing a PDC bit for drilling harder formation, it is the principal objective that its stability, durability and penetration rate are improved simultaneously. In this article, the effects of several design parameters, such as the bit's profile, layout of cutters, back rake angle and secondary cutters, on PDC bit performance are discussed based on the results of laboratory research and experiences of field application. Some valuable suggestions on the design of PDC bits used for drilling in hard formation are put forward.

关 键 词：切削齿 PDC钻头 钻速 硬地层 钻井成本 非均质地层 牙轮钻头 钻进能力 剖面 布齿 

分 类 号：TE921[石油与天然气工程—石油机械设备] P634[天文地球—地质矿产勘探]