透壁通风管对青藏铁路路基的冷却效果试验初探  

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON COOLING EFFECT OF THE PERFORATED VENTILATION PIPES ON QINGHAI—TIBET RAILWAY ROADBED

作　　者：胡明鉴[1] 汪稔[1] 葛修润[1,2] 石祥锋[1] 黄明奎[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所岩土力学重点实验室 [2]上海交通大学岩土力学与工程研究所上海200030

出　　处：《岩石力学与工程学报》2004年第24期4195-4199,共5页Chinese Journal of Rock Mechanics and Engineering

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新重大工程项目(220014-02);中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所前沿基金(Q00207);中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所重大探索项目(Q110303)资助课题。

摘　　要：路基通风作为一种积极主动保护冻土路基的冷却调控技术受到人们的广泛关注与重视,该方法能有效地抬升多年冻土上限,保护冻土路基的稳定性。目前的路基通风一般采用路基内预埋实体混凝土管或PVC 管,管壁不能透风,主要通过管内空气流动和热传导方式达到冷却路基的目的。一种管壁开孔、可以透风的新型通风管——透壁通风管,既可以使低温的自然风通过管道运动降温;还因管壁透风,低温的冷空气可以透过管壁的大孔眼穿透到通风管周围的介质中,直接与其进行传导换热和对流换热,改变普通通风管单一的管壁传导换热模式,从而可更为有效地促使路基内热量的散失。为探索透壁通风管在青藏铁路路基中的实际作用效果而进行了青藏铁路透壁通风管路基初步试验。该试验路基短期监测资料的初步分析结果显示:透壁通风管对青藏铁路路基具有较好的冷却能力,可在一定程度上抬升冻土上限;透壁通风管路基经填土级配优化后效果更好,但其长期效果的显现还需经过若干个周期的长期监测和资料的进一步分析。Railway roadbed ventilation,as a positive roadbed cooling technique,has attracted much attention from researchers,which can effectively protect the frozen roadbed and maintain the roadbed stability by raising the permafrost table. At present,the ventilation pipes are generally made by concrete or PVC without holes on the pipe walls,whose cooling effects are realized by airflow and heat transference. But the tightness of pipe walls will reduce cooling effect to some extent. Perforated ventilation pipes can cool the railway roadbed through convection heat transference between airflow and soil around the pipes as well as airflow and heat transference. In order to study the roadbed cooling effect of the perforated ventilation pipes,a comparative experiment has been conducted with both ordinary and perforated ventilation pipes. The short-term observation data have shown that the perforated ventilation pipes,raising higher permafrost tables,are superior to the ordinary ones. Through optimization of roadbed structure the cooling effect will be obviously enhanced. However,the long-term effect of the perforated ventilation pipes depends upon long-term observations and further analyses.

关 键 词：道路工程 路基 透壁通风管 冷却效果 冻土上限 

分 类 号：TU413.62[建筑科学—岩土工程]