工作场所空气中丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁酮的TWA测定方法  

Study on detection of acetone,me thyl ethyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone for time weighted average concentration in workplace air

作　　者：梅勇[1] 杨磊[1] 袁鹏[2] 马晓钟[2] 许斌[2] 

机构地区：[1]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院,湖北武汉430030 [2]东风汽车公司职业病防治研究所,湖北十堰442000

出　　处：《中国工业医学杂志》2004年第6期359-362,共4页Chinese Journal of Industrial Medicine

基　　金：卫生标准课题资助 (3 - 99- 751 )

摘　　要：目的　建立工作场所空气中脂肪族酮类化合物丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁酮的时间加权平均浓度 (TWA)气相色谱测定方法。方法　通过活性炭管采样 ,溶剂解吸气相色谱法测定空气中丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁酮。按照工作场所空气中毒物检测方法研制规范的要求进行实验研究 ,并对其测定条件和气相色谱条件进行优化选择。结果　方法线性范围为丙酮 0 0 2～ 1 0mg/ml、丁酮 0 0 15～ 1 5mg/ml、甲基异丁酮 0 0 2 5～ 1 0mg/ml。相关系数介于 0 9994～ 0 9998之间。检出限为丙酮 2 0 μg/ml,丁酮 15 μg/ml ,甲基异丁酮 2 5 μg/ml,相对标准偏差在 3 8%～ 7 0 %之间。每 10 0mg活性炭对丙酮的穿透容量为 2 1 6mg、丁酮 2 6 9mg、甲基异丁酮 19 8mg。样品在活性炭管中稳定至少可保存 7d ,方法重现性好。结论　此方法的各项指标均达到了工作场所空气中毒物检测方法研制规范的要求 ,适用于测定工作场所空气中丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁酮的时间加权平均浓度。由此为 2 0 0 2年新颁布的《工作场所有害因素职业接触限值》(PC TWA)积累丙酮、丁酮、甲基异丁酮相配套的检验方法。Objective To study a gas chromatographic(GC)detecting method s of some keto nes such as acetone,methyl ethyl ketone and meth yl isobutyl ketone in workplace air for establishing their TWA concentration in China.Method Acetone,methyl e thyl ketone and methyl isobutyl ketone were sampled with charcoal tube,desorbed with carbon disulfide,then analyzed with GC.All th e processes were based on the national guidelines for the determina t ion of toxic substances in workplace air and the determination and chromatograph y conditions were optimized,too.Re sult T he linear limits of the method were:acet one 0.02—1.0 mg/ml,methyl ethyl ke tone 0.015—1.5 mg/ml,methyl isobut yl ketone 0.025—1.0 mg/ml;the corr elation coefficients ranged from 0.9994 to 0.9998;the minimum detection limits w ere 20 μg/ml,15 μg/ml and 25 μg/ml,respectively.The coefficient of variatio n was 3.8%～7.0%.The breakthrough capacities o f 100 mg charcoal for the ketones ment ioned above were 21.6 mg,26.9 mg and 19. 8 mg,respectively.These ketones storage d in charcoal could keep stability at le ast for seven days under normal conditio ns.Conclusion This method is corresponded t o the Chinese national guidelines for d etermination of toxic substances in work place air and it is appropriate for the det ermination of TWA concentration of keton es in workplace air,which offers a helpf ul detection technique to the newly issu ed national specification“Occupational e xposure limits of hazardous substances i n workplace”.

关 键 词：空气有毒物质 丙酮 丁酮 甲基异丁酮 TWA浓度 活性炭管 溶剂解吸 气相色谱 

分 类 号：R122.1[医药卫生—环境卫生学]